CPTPP国企条款:规则、评估与应对策略  

CPTPP Provisions on SOEs:Rules,Evaluation and Coping Strategies

作　　者：石颖 SHI Ying(Academy of Macroeconomic Research of the NDRC)

机构地区：[1]中国宏观经济研究院经济体制与管理研究所

出　　处：《国际贸易》2024年第11期88-96,共9页Intertrade

基　　金：国家发展和改革委员会经济体制与管理研究所青年人才项目“CPTPP国企条款的挑战与应对研究”的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：对国有企业进行规制是以CPTPP为代表的高标准国际经贸规则美式模版的重要导向。从核心主张来看,一般涉及定义和适用范围、非歧视待遇和商业考虑、非商业援助、透明度、争端解决机制、例外条款等方面内容。基于CPTPP国企条款相关规则,并结合我国入世有关国有企业的承诺、已签署自贸协定中的相关规则、当前所开展的自贸试验区和自贸港开放举措等现有缔约实践,我国已经达到CPTPP国企章节的多数条款要求,但需客观评估涉及国有企业数量范围、区分商业活动和非商业活动、降低反补贴门槛、信息披露难度等少数内容带来的潜在风险。文章建议重点从构建我国综合性国有企业认定标准、加快落实国有企业分类改革、推进政府补贴机制改革、逐步提高国有企业透明度、充分利用例外条款、发挥自贸试验区规则试验功能六个方面出发,有的放矢地采取应对策略。The regulation of state-owned enterprises(SOEs)is an important direction of the American model of high-standard international economic and trade rules represented by the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership(CPTPP).From the point of view of the core propositions,it generally involves the definition and scope of application,non-discriminatory treatment and commercial considerations,non-commercial assistance,transparency,dispute settlement mechanism,exception clauses and other aspects.Based on the rele-vant provisions of the CPTPP on SOEs,combined with the commitments of China's accession to the WTO related to SOEs,the relevant rules of the signed free trade agreement,and the existing contracting practices such as the opening of the pilot free trade zone and free trade port,China's SOEs have met the requirements of most of the provisions of the CPTPP on SOEs,but it is necessary to objectively assess the potential risks caused by several specific matters,such as the scope of SOEs,the distinction between commercial and non-commercial activities,the reduction of anti-subsidy thresholds,and the difficulty in information disclosure.The suggestions focus on the following six aspects:building the standard for the identification of comprehensive SOEs in China,accelerating the implementation of the classification reform of SOEs,promoting the reform of government subsidy mechanism,gradually improving the transparency of SOEs,making full use of exception clauses,and giving play to the experimental function of the rules of pilot free trade zones.

关 键 词：CPTPP 国企条款 非歧视待遇 商业考虑 非商业援助 

分 类 号：F276.1[经济管理—企业管理] D996.1[经济管理—国民经济]