当代儒家生命伦理学的建构和道德如何现实化  

Construction of contemporary Confucian bioethics and how to Realize Morality

作　　者：蔡昱[1] CAI Yu(Financial Research Institute,Yunnan University of Finance and Economics,Kunming 650221,China)

机构地区：[1]云南财经大学金融研究院,云南昆明650221

出　　处：《中国医学伦理学》2024年第12期1395-1401,共7页Chinese Medical Ethics

摘　　要：以传统文化系统地回应当前生命科技高速发展而涌现的生命伦理问题是相较于流行的原则主义更具实践性的策略,而其落实(即具体的生命伦理学的建构)则需要具体的建构框架,它至少应该包括在宇宙论、态度和方法、分析视角和规范特征等方面的创建性的原则。范瑞平在其新书《当代医疗与儒家思想》的第三部分利用儒家思想资源回应了生命科技带来的挑战,提供了具有建设性的建构框架,它包括了四个方面:其一,在“气一元论”的宇宙论基础上,以儒家身心合一的视角探讨生命伦理问题;其二,儒家重构主义的态度和方法;其三,儒家家庭本位的伦理立场;其四,提出儒家生命伦理学的原则和规则的特征是构成性的、客观的和具有权威性的。在商榷部分,提出片面的“生存性恐惧”是道德现实化的障碍,而当代社会的基本特征是对声势浩大的片面的生存性恐惧的制造。进而,如果无法解决“道德力量的来源”和“如何克服道德现实化的障碍”这两个问题,就无法缓解当代社会恶的泛滥,也无法真正应对生命科技的伦理挑战。Systematically responding to the emerging bioethical issues arising from the rapid development of life technology through traditional culture is a more practical strategy compared to the popular principlism,and its implementation(i.e.the construction of specific bioethics)requires a specific framework for construction,which should at least include creative principles in aspects such as cosmology,attitudes and methods,analytical perspectives,and normative features.In the third part of his new book Contemporary Medicine and Confucian Thought,Fan Ruiping used Confucian resources to respond to the challenges brought by life technology,providing a constructive framework,which included four aspects.First,based on the cosmology of“qi monism”,exploring bioethical issues from the perspective of Confucian unity of body and mind.Second,the attitude and method of Confucian reconstructionism.Third,the Confucian family-oriented ethical stance.Fourth,the characteristics of the principles and rules of Confucian bioethics were constitutive,objective,and authoritative.In the discussion section,it proposed that one-sided“existential fear”was an obstacle to moral realization,while the basic characteristic of contemporary society was the creation of massive one-sided existential fear.Furthermore,if the two issues of“the source of moral power”and“how to overcome the obstacles of moral realization”cannot be resolved,the prevalence of evil in contemporary society cannot be alleviated,and the ethical challenges of life technology cannot be truly addressed.

关 键 词：儒家家庭主义 儒家重构主义 当代儒家生命伦理学 道德现实化 片面的生存性恐惧 

分 类 号：R-052[医药卫生]