基于16S rRNA高通量测序技术的长江口刀鲚肠道微生物多样性研究  

Study of the gut microbial diversity of Coilia nasus in the Yangtze River estuary based on 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology

作　　者：杨国祥 李丹 于雯雯[1] 李士虎 施金金[1] 汤建华[1] 孟乾 汤承诺 岑永华 ANG Guoxiang;LI Dan;YU Wenwen;LI Shihu;SHI Jinjin;TANG Jianhua;MENG Qian;TANGChengnuo;CEN Yonghua(Jiangsu Marine Fisheries Research Institute,Nantong 226007,China;College of Marine Living Resource Sciences and Management,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;College of Marine Science and Fisheries,Jiangsu Ocean University,Lianyungang 222005,China;Jiangsu Fishery Law Enforcement and Supervision Center,Nantong 226006,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省海洋水产研究所,江苏南通226007 [2]上海海洋大学海洋生物资源与管理学院,上海201306 [3]江苏海洋大学海洋科学与水产学院,江苏连云港222005 [4]江苏省海域执法监督中心,江苏南通226006

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2024年第9期1105-1115,共11页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：中央农业产业发展资金–我国近岸近海外海渔业资源调查养护项目;省农业农村厅“江苏省渔业生态与资源监测”项目(2023-SJ-137);南通市青年基金项目(JC2023029);南通市基础科学研究项目(JC2022040);南通市社会民生重点项目(MS22021015).

摘　　要：为探究刀鲚(Coilia nasus)肠道微生物多样性随食物组成变化的特征,采用16S rRNA高通量测序技术对3个不同体长组(L1:≤140 mm,L2:141~200 mm,L3:≥201 mm)的长江口刀鲚肠道样品进行肠道微生物多样性分析。实验结果显示:胃含物分析表明不同体长组刀鲚均以桡足类和线虫类为主要饵料类群,根据聚类结果发现L1单独聚为一类,L2和L3聚为一类。肠道样本共鉴定出微生物726个属,378个科,隶属于30个门,在门分类水平上,刀鲚不同组间的优势菌群相似,均主要以放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria)构成,而浮霉菌门(Planctomycetota)仅存在于L3组肠道中;在属分类水平上,红球菌属(Rhodococcus)是不同体长组刀鲚肠道中的共有优势菌属,在L1组中丰度最高(82.0%),L3组最低(27.0%),发光杆菌属(Photobacterium)在3组间均有一定的占比。Alpha多样性分析发现刀鲚肠道微生物多样性随体长的增加而增加。利用Bray-Curtis距离算法进行聚类分析发现不同组间肠道微生物聚类结果与胃含物分析的聚类结果一致,即L1单独聚为一类,L2和L3聚为一类,说明食物组成与肠道菌群的组成密切相关;PCoA分析表明,L1与另外两组样本明显分离,L2和L3样本聚在一起,说明组间肠道菌群存在差异。本研究揭示了刀鲚的食物组成、摄食习性和生活环境与肠道微生物群落结构组成密切相关,为刀鲚资源的保护和合理开发提供科学依据。To investigate the variation in gut microbial diversity with food composition in Coilia nasus,16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the gut microbiota diversity of three different body length groups(L1:≤140 mm,L2:141–200 mm,L3:≥201 mm)of C.nasus in the Yangtze River estuary.The analyses showed that copepods and nematodes were the main baiting taxa for C.nasus of the different length groups,and the clustering results showed that L1 was clustered into a single group,while L2 and L3 were clustered into a single group.A total of 726 genera and 378 families of microorganisms belonging to 30 phyla were identified in the intestinal samples.At the phylum classification level,the dominant groups of microorganisms in the different groups of C.nasus were similar,and were mainly composed of Actinobacteriota and Proteobacteria.Planctomycetota was only found in the intestines of L3 group.Rhodococcus was the common dominant genus in the intestines of C.nasus of different body lengths,with the highest abundance in group L1(82.0%)and the lowest in group L3(27.0%).Photobacterium was present at a certain percentage in all three groups.Alpha diversity analysis revealed that the gut microbial diversity of C.nasus increased with body length.Clustering analysis using the Bray-Curtis distance algorithm revealed that the clustering results of gut microorganisms among different groups were consistent with the clustering results of the stomach contents analysis.L1 was clustered into one group alone,and L2 and L3 were clustered into one group,which indicated that the composition of the food was closely related to that of the intestinal flora.Principal coordinates analysis showed that the L1 samples were separated from those of the other two groups,while the L2 and L3 samples were clustered together,which indicated that there was a difference in intestinal flora between the three groups.This study revealed that the food composition,feeding habits,and living environment of C.nasus were closely related to the

关 键 词：刀鲚 食物组成 16S rRNA 肠道菌群 微生物多样性 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]