上博简《子道饿》与子游学派“重本”思想的演变  

The Evolution of Zi Dao E Included in Shanghai Museum and Ziyou School s“Focusing on the Propriety and Righteousness”Thought

作　　者：王峥 WANG Zheng(School of Literature and History,Shijiazhuang University,Shijiazhuang 050035,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄学院文学与历史学院,河北石家庄050035

出　　处：《西华师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第6期128-136,共9页Journal of China West Normal University:Philosophy & Social Sciences

基　　金：河北省高等学校人文社会科学研究青年拔尖人才项目“‘七十子’辞令研究”(BJS2022030);石家庄学院博士科研启动基金项目“‘七十子’思想的分化与传承”(21BS021)。

摘　　要：上博简《子道饿》并非记录陈蔡之困时子游北上求鲁一事,而是讲述了孔子殁后子游被鲁司寇“蓄养”,愤而离去又痛失爱子的故事。从传世文献来看,子游与思孟学派的思想有相似之处,二者都注重内在、强调实质,但子游主张“重本有节”,后又产生“重本抑末”的倾向。在其影响下,子游后学出现了不做实事的行为,继而提出屈从世俗、“舍本逐利”的主张,背离了儒家道义。子游学派“重本”思想的演变结果在《子道饿》中得以体现,这不仅印证了传世文献中有关子游学派思想主张的零散记载,同时也彰示了子游学派与思孟学派的本质区别。Zi Dao E included in Shanghai Museum does not record the fact that Zi You went north to seek help from Lu dynasty when Chen Cai was in distress,but tells the story of Zi You who was“raised”by Lu Sikou after Confucius s death,and left Lu dynasty in anger and lost his beloved son.Judging from the documents passed down from generation to generation,Ziyou has something in common with the thoughts of the Zisi and Mencius school.Although both focus on inwardness and emphasize substance,Ziyou advocates“emphasizing the essentials and having discipline”,and later he has a tendency to focus on the propriety and righteousness rather than the details.Under Ziyou s influence,the junior scholars appear not to do anything practical and then put forward the idea of“yielding to the secularity”and“attending to trifles and neglecting essentials”,which deviate from Confucian morality.The evolution of Ziyou school s“focusing on the propriety and righteousness”thought is reflected in Zi Dao E,which not only confirms the scattered records of the thoughts and propositions of the Ziyou school in the handed-down literature,but also shows the essential difference between the school of Ziyou and the school of Zisi and Mencius.

关 键 词：《子道饿》 子游学派 “重本有节” “重本抑末” “舍本逐利” 

分 类 号：B222.3[哲学宗教—中国哲学]