荨麻型刺毛研究进展  

Research progress on urtica-type stinging hair

作　　者：方博文 李晓波[1] 丁如 王梦月[1] FANG Bowen;LI Xiaobo;DING Ru;WANG Mengyue(School of Pharmacy,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学药学院,上海200240

出　　处：《生命的化学》2024年第11期1999-2010,共12页Chemistry of Life

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82274061,81374067);上海市自然科学基金项目(20ZR1427700)。

摘　　要：荨麻型刺毛系植物学家罗伯特·胡克于1665年自荨麻属植物中首次发现,分布于约450种植物中。荨麻型刺毛结构特殊,且接触皮肤后立即产生强烈疼痛及荨麻疹,因此自发现后便引起了广泛关注,成为植物微观结构研究中的重点对象之一。近百年来,对荨麻型刺毛的研究不断深入,但在其毒性成分、发生发育等方面仍存在一些尚待解决的问题。本文综述了荨麻型刺毛的分布状况、形态组织、毒性反应、毒性成分、生理功能等方面的研究进展,旨在为其进一步研究提供科学参考。Urtica-type stinging hair was first discovered by botanist Robert Hooke in 1665 from the genus Urtica,and it has been found in approximately 450 plant species.Urtica-type stinging hair has a unique structure,and it produces intense pain and urticaria immediately after contacting the skin.Therefore,it has attracted widespread attention since its discovery and has become one of the key objects in the study of plant microstructure.In recent hundred years,the research on urtica-type stinging hair has been continuously deepened,but there are still some unsolved problems,such as its toxic component,and ontogenesis.This paper systematically reviews the research progresses on the distribution,morphology and histology,toxicity reaction and toxic component,physiological function of urtica-type stinging hair,in order to provide scientific references for further research.

关 键 词：荨麻型刺毛 分布状况 形态组织 毒性反应 毒性成分 生理功能 

分 类 号：Q944[生物学—植物学]