4例苯丙酮尿症儿童接种疫苗实践  

Practice of vaccination in 4 children with phenylketonuria

作　　者：黄蓉[1] 王凤双[1] 肖雷[1] 李萍[2] HUANG Rong;WANG Fengshuang;XIAO Lei;LI Ping(Shunyi District Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing 101300,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京市顺义区疾病预防控制中心,101300 [2]哈尔滨市南岗区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2024年第4期244-247,共4页Capital Journal of Public Health

基　　金：2019年顺义区卫生健康发展科研专项(编号:Wsjkfzkyzx-2019-y-02)。

摘　　要：目的为消除特殊健康状态儿童疫苗犹豫,对患苯丙酮尿症的儿童以实际病例为导向,经临床、流行病、药学等多学科专家组评估后进行疫苗接种,形成该类儿童一般性接种建议,从而为基层预防接种医护人员提供借鉴。方法通过实际案例经多学科专家论证,形成苯丙酮尿症儿童预防接种建议,对4例满足预防接种建议中的相关恢复指标的患儿接种疫苗,观察接种后不良反应情况。结果形成苯丙酮尿症儿童一般性接种建议。4例苯丙酮尿症儿童均食用特制奶粉治疗,病例1和病例2无合并症,血清苯丙氨酸浓度控制在20~60 mg/L后完成疫苗接种;病例3和病例4在分别控制轻度营养不良和抽搐症状,且血清苯丙氨酸浓度控制在20~60 mg/L后完成疫苗接种。本研究中4例患儿在诊断苯丙酮尿症前接种6剂次疫苗,诊断苯丙酮尿症后按照接种建议接种44剂次疫苗,共50剂次疫苗,均无不良反应报告。结论建议无合并症或者已控制合并症(纠正营养不良、控制抽搐等)的苯丙酮尿症儿童接种前复查血清苯丙氨酸浓度,血清苯丙氨酸浓度控制在20~60 mg/L后可接种疫苗。Objective To eliminate vaccine hesitancy in children with special health conditions,a case-based approach was used to evaluate the vaccination of children with phenylketonuria by a multidisciplinary expert group from clinical,epidemiological,pharmaceutical,and other fields.This led to the development of general vaccination recommendations for these children,providing a reference for grassroots preventive vaccination medical staff.Methods Recommendations for the preventive vaccination of children with phenylketonuria were formulated through practical cases and multidisciplinary expert discussions.Four children who met the relevant recovery indicators in the vaccination recommendations were vaccinated,and the adverse reactions after vaccination were observed.Results General vaccination recommendations were generated for children with phenylketonuria.Four children with phenylketonuria were treated with specially formulated milk powder.Cases 1 and 2 had no comorbidities,and the serum phenylalanine concentration was controlled between 20-60 mg/L before vaccination was completed;Cases 3 and 4 were vaccinated after controlling for mild malnutrition and convulsions,respectively,and the serum phenylalanine concentration was controlled between 20-60 mg/L.The children received 6 doses of vaccine before diagnosis of phenylketonuria,and 44 doses of vaccine according to the recommended vaccination after diagnosis of phenylketonuria,a total of 50 doses of vaccine.In this study,no adverse reactions were reported in any of the four children with phenylketonuria after completing preventive vaccination.Conclusions It is recommended that children with phenylketonuria who have no comorbidities or have controlled comorbidities(such as correcting malnutrition and controlling seizures)have their serum phenylalanine concentration rechecked before vaccination.The serum phenylalanine concentration should be controlled between 20-60 mg/L before vaccination.

关 键 词：苯丙酮尿症 预防接种 安全性 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]