浅埋小净距隧道衬砌爆破振动影响因素分析  

Analysis of Blasting Vibration Influence Factors of Shallow Buried and Small-clearance Tunnel Lining Caused by Blasting Loads

作　　者：徐平[1] 黄琳炎 吴鸿胜 XU Ping;HUANG Lin-yan;WU Hong-sheng(School of Water Conservancy and Transportation,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;The 5th Subsidiary of China Railway 15th Construction Bureau Group Corporation,Tianjin 300000,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学水利与交通学院,郑州市450001 [2]中铁十五局集团第五工程有限公司,天津市300000

出　　处：《公路》2024年第11期364-369,共6页Highway

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目,项目编号51278467;中国铁道科学研究院基金项目,项目编号2022YJ280。

摘　　要：以辽宁铁本高速公路某隧道工程为依托,现场实测了后行洞掌子面围岩爆破引起先行洞衬砌不同爆心距的两侧拱腰和拱顶的振动信号,分析了各测点振动速度的分布规律。构建了隧道爆破的三维有限元模型,引入简化的三角形爆破荷载并施加在隧道掌子面围岩来模拟实际的爆破过程,数值模拟与现场实测的迎爆侧拱腰径向振动速度基本吻合,验证了数值模型的合理性,进一步研究了掌子面间距、衬砌厚度、隧道净距和覆土厚度等因素对爆破振动的影响规律。研究结果表明:当掌子面间距超过19.08 m时,先行洞爆破对后行洞的振动影响可降低50%以上;随着衬砌厚度、隧道净距、覆土厚度的增加,后行洞爆破引起先行洞衬砌的最大振动速度呈减小的趋势,当衬砌厚度、隧道净距、覆土厚度分别超过27.02 cm、14.90 m和5.74 m时,衬砌爆破振动速度可控制在10 cm/s以下。In the paper,one tunnel of Tieling-Benxi Expressway in Liaoning Province is taken as the engineering background,the vibration signals of the arch waists and vaults on both sides of the first tunnel lining caused by the surrounding rock blasting in the back tunnel are in-situ measured,and the distribution law of vibration velocity at each measuring point is analyzed.Three-dimensional finite element model of tunnel blasting is established,simplified triangular blasting loads are introduced and applied on the surrounding rocks of the tunnel face to simulate the actual blasting process,the numerical simulation and in-site measurement of the radial vibration velocity of the lining waist near the blasting side are basically consistent,the numerical model is verified as reasonable,and further research is conducted on the blasting vibration influence factors such as tunnel face distance,lining thickness,tunnel net distance,as well as soil cover thickness.The research results are shown as follows:when the tunnel face distance exceeds 19.08 m,the vibration influence of the first tunnel blasting on the following tunnel can reduce more than 50%;with the increase of lining thickness,tunnel clear distance and covering soil thickness,the vibration velocity of first tunnel lining caused by the following tunnel blasting will decrease,when the lining thickness,tunnel clear distance and covering soil thickness exceed 27.02 cm,14.90 m and 5.74 m respectively,the vibration velocity of the lining blasting can be controlled below 10 cm/s.

关 键 词：浅埋小净距隧道 衬砌 数值模拟 围岩爆破 影响因素 减振措施 

分 类 号：U455.91[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程] U455.6[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]