基于语料库的藏文音节计量研究  

A Corpus-based Study on Tibetan Syllable Metrology

作　　者：冷本扎西 完么 Lubum Tashi;Padma(State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Intelligent Information Processing and Application in Qinghai Normal University,Xining,Qinghai810016;Department of Chinese Language and Literature in Northwest Minzu University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730030)

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学藏语智能信息处理及应用国家重点实验室,青海西宁810016 [2]西北民族大学中国语言文学学部,甘肃兰州730030

出　　处：《青海民族大学学报（藏文版）》2024年第1期47-60,共14页Journal of qinghai minzu University：Tibetan Version

基　　金：国家社科冷门绝学研究专项“基于语料库的《藏文大字典》(藏汉对照)编纂研究”(项目编号:21VJXT013);教育部人文社科青年项目“面向领域知识图谱构建的藏医药本体建模研究”(项目编号:22YJCZH072);青海省省级哲学社会科学项目“面向智能语言理解的藏医药领域本体研究”(项目编号:22ZCQ074)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：语言特征计量是现代语言学研究新范式,是基于真实语言样本统计的科学研究方法。在计量方法引入语言研究之前,藏文音节只有依据语法规则的可生成理论音节数量,即理论上根据藏文拼接规则可生成且符合藏文音节构成规律的组合体。然而,关于现代藏文共有多少规范音节,藏文音节在真实话语场景中的出现次数及分布状态如何等问题,学界一直有关注却没有定论。藏文音节数量等问题涉及藏语言理论研究、词典编纂、语言教学、教材编写教法、文本语言风格解析等多个领域,是所有藏语言相关研究的基础性课题。为全面考察藏文文本中真实使用的音节数量和音节频率,文章在系统梳理相关研究的基础上,通过多维度观察,定量分析和定性相结合研究方法,重点考察藏文字符的出现次数与分布、藏文音节总数、平均音节长度、音节分布、出现次数及频率等,以量化形式呈现了藏文音节的真实动态分布,解决了藏文音节使用情况模糊不清的问题,进而在藏语字符音节研究方面提出了自己的新观点。Language feature measurement is a new paradigm in modern linguistic research,which is a scientific research method based on the statistics of real language samples.Before the introduction of quantitative methods into language research,Tibetan syllables only had a theoretical number of syllables that could be generated based on grammar rules,that is,combinations which could theoretically be generated based on splicing rules and conform to the rules of syllable composition in Tibetan language.However,there has been ongoing attention in academia regarding the number of standardized syllables in modern Tibetan language,as well as the frequency and distribution of Tibetan syllables in real-life discourse scenarios,without a unified consensus.The issue of the number of Tibetan syllables involves multiple fields such as Tibetan language theory research,dictionary compilation,language teaching,textbooks and teaching methods,text language style analysis,and is a fundamental topic in all Tibetan language related research.In order to comprehensively examine the actual number and frequency of syllables used in Tibetan texts,this paper,based on a systematic review of relevant research,combines multi-dimensional observation,quantitative analysis,and qualitative research methods to focus on examining the occurrence and distribution of Tibetan characters,the total number of Tibetan syllables,average syllable length,syllable distribution,occurrence frequency,etc.,presenting the true dynamic distribution of Tibetan syllables in a quantitative form,solving the problem of unclear use of Tibetan syllables,and proposing its own views on the study of Tibetan character syllables.

关 键 词：语料库 音节 出现次数 计量研究 

分 类 号：H214[语言文字—少数民族语言]