木纤维添加量对木纤维/聚乳酸复合材料性能影响  

Effect of Wood Fiber Content Ratios on the Properties of Wood Fiber/Poly Lactic Acid Composite Materials

作　　者：吕超 罗书品 唐启恒[1] 高黎[1] 常亮[1] 郭文静[1] LYU Chao;LUO Shupin;TANG Qiheng;GAO Li;CHANG Liang;GUO Wenjing(Research Institute of Wood Industry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所,北京100091

出　　处：《木材科学与技术》2024年第5期68-76,共9页Chinese Journal of Wood Science and Technology

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划课题“木质材料同质重组/异质复合增强关键技术”(2023YFD2201404);国家自然科学基金项目“基于成核剂自组装构筑木纤维表面枝状结构的木塑界面改善机制研究”(31901250)。

摘　　要：通过共混熔融挤出、注塑成型制备杨木纤维(wood fiber,WF)/聚乳酸(poly lactic acid,PLA)(WF/PLA)复合材料,探究不同木纤维添加量(1%、5%、10%、20%)对复合材料性能的影响。结果显示:随着木纤维添加量的增加,其与聚乳酸界面的相容性变差,复合材料的疏水性、拉伸和弯曲强度下降,拉伸和弯曲模量增加;在木纤维的添加量为1%时,复合材料的热稳定性较好;缺口冲击强度和断裂伸长率相比纯聚乳酸分别提高了45.9%和13.2%。堆肥降解实验表明,添加20%木纤维的复合材料在第8个月的质量损失率达到55.7%,复合材料中聚乳酸基体的重均和数均分子量分别降低至80和40 kDa,有助于复合材料降解。研究为聚乳酸性能优化提供一定的理论基础和技术支撑,有助于拓展天然植物纤维/聚乳酸复合材料在包装和农业生产等领域的应用。Poplar wood fiber/poly lactic acid(WF/PLA)composites were prepared by blending,melt extrusion,and injection molding process.The effects of different wood fiber content ratios-such as 1%,5%,10%,and 20%-on the properties of the composites were investigated.The research results indicated that as the wood fiber content increased,the interface compatibility between wood fiber and poly lactic acid becomes deteriorated.This led to a decrease in the hydrophobicity,tensile,and bending strength of the composites,while the tensile and bending moduli increased.When 1%wood fiber was added,the thermal stability of the composites was good,and the notch impact strength and elongation at break increased by 45.9%and 13.2%respectively,compared to neat poly lactic acid.The composting degradation experiment showed that the mass loss rate of the composites with 20%wood fiber reached 55.7%by the 8th month.Additionally,the weight average and number average molecular weight of the poly lactic acid matrix decreased to 80 and 40 kDa,respectively.This study provided a theoretical basis and technical support for optimizing the performance of poly lactic acid,which helps expand the application of natural plant fiber/poly lactic acid composites in packaging and agricultural industries.

关 键 词：木纤维 聚乳酸 复合材料 力学性能 降解性能 

分 类 号：TU531.13[建筑科学—建筑技术科学] TS653[轻工技术与工程]