基因组拷贝数变异在家畜遗传育种方面的研究进展  

Research Progress on Genomic Copy Number Variation in Livestock Genetics and Breeding

作　　者：刘一帆 王俊懿 李仕博 王浩栋 李金泉[1,2,3,4] 苏蕊 吕琦[1,3] 张燕军 王瑞军 王志英[1,3] Liu Yifan;Wang Junyi;Li Shibo;Wang Haodong;Li Jinquan;Su Rui;Lv Qi;Zhang Yanjun;Wang Ruijun;Wang Zhiying(College of Animal Science,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot,010018,Inner Mongolia;Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetics and Breeding,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Hohhot,010018,Inner Mongolia;Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot,010018,Inner Mongolia;Joint Laboratory of Sheep Germplasm Resources Innovation between China and Arab Countries,Hohhot,010018,Inner Mongolia)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [2]农业农村部肉羊遗传育种重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [3]内蒙古自治区羊遗传育种与繁殖重点实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010018 [4]中国与阿拉伯国家羊种质资源创新联合实验室,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《中国畜禽种业》2024年第11期35-50,共16页The Chinese Livestock and Poultry Breeding

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科学技术厅内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2023LHMS03003);中华人民共和国科学技术部2030科技创新-重大专项子课题(2023ZD04051);内蒙古自治区教育厅内蒙古自治区高等学校“青年科技英才支持计划”(NJYT22038);高水平成果培育专项(QT202201);财政部和农业农村部:国家绒毛用羊产业技术体系(CARS—39)。

摘　　要：拷贝数变异是基因组结构变异的重要组成部分,在不同物种的基因组中广泛存在。随着测序技术的不断发展,利用比较基因组杂交技术、SNP芯片技术和DNA高通量测序技术等技术发掘到许多对家畜的进化及复杂性状有着较大影响的拷贝数变异。目前,拷贝数变异影响家畜复杂性状的相关研究已经有很多报道,然而,从拷贝数变异的形成机制、检测方法及如何影响家畜复杂性状的角度来进行研究成果的综述较少。因此,该文系统地总结了拷贝数变异在牛、羊、猪上的研究进展情况,阐明了拷贝数变异影响家畜性状遗传变异的机理。通过对现有研究进行总结,并对当下拷贝数变异研究中存在的问题展开分析,也提出了拷贝数变异在家畜遗传育种领域的应用前景,为研究家畜性状遗传机理的提供参考。Copy number variation is an important component of genome structural variation and is widely present in the genomes of different species.With the continuous development of sequencing technology,many copy number variants that have a great impact on the evolution and complexity of livestock have been discovered by using technologies such as comparative genomic hybridization,SNP microarray technology and DNA high-throughput sequencing technology.At present,there have been many reports on the impact of copy number variation on the complexity traits of livestock,but there are few reviews of the research results from the perspective of the formation mechanism,detection methods and how copy number variation affects the complexity traits of livestock.Therefore,this paper systematically summarizes the research progress of copy number variation in cattle,sheep and pigs,and clarifies the mechanism of copy number variation affecting the genetic variation of livestock traits.By summarizing the existing research and analyzing the existing problems in the current research on copy number variation,the application prospect of copy number variation in the field of livestock genetics and breeding is also proposed,which provides a reference for the study of the genetic mechanism of livestock traits.

关 键 词：拷贝数变异 动物复杂性状 候选基因 动物遗传育种 

分 类 号：S813.1[农业科学—畜牧学]