淀粉生物合成及其基因调控研究进展  

Advance in Starch Biosynthesis and Its Genic Manipulation in Crops

作　　者：孔华[1,2] 郭运玲 郭静远[1,2] 陈怡 姜晓琦[1,2] 贾瑞宗 KONG Hua;GUO Yunling;GUO Jingyuan;CHEN Yi;JIANG Xiaoqi;JIA Ruizong(Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China;Sanya Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Sanya,Hainan 572000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所,海南海口571101 [2]中国热带农业科学院三亚研究院,海南三亚572000

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2024年第9期138-144,共7页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：2020年海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目(No.320RC709)。

摘　　要：淀粉是人们生活中不可或缺的重要物质,根据其分子结构不同通常可分为直链淀粉和支链淀粉,其分子结构决定了淀粉品质及用途。随着分子生物学技术的发展,与淀粉合成及结构相关的功能基因被克隆和应用。利用转基因和基因编辑技术对淀粉生物合成关键酶基因进行调控,在提高淀粉品质和产量方面表现出巨大的发展潜力。文章全面综述了主要农作物淀粉生物合成相关酶基因及通过基因操作改良淀粉品质和提高产量方面的最新研究进展,并对其研究方向进行了展望。Starch is an essential substance in people’s lives.It is composed of amylose and amylopectin,which determines the quality and function of starch.As the deepening research and understanding of starch biosynthesis,genes related to starch synthesis have been cloned and utilized.With the rapid development of molecular bio technology,it is possible to use transgenic and gene editing techniques to regulate key enzyme genes of starch biosynthesis,and demonstrating enormous development potential in improving starch yield and quality.This paper provides a comprehensive review and outlook on the latest research progress in starch biosynthesis and the achievements in improving the starch quality of crops by transgenic technology and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology.

关 键 词：淀粉 生物合成 品质 转基因技术 CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术 农作物 

分 类 号：S188[农业科学—农业基础科学]