履行法定职责判决的体系定位与诉讼构造  

The System Positioning and Litigation Structure of the Judgement of Statutory Duty Performance

作　　者：冉崇潇 RAN Chong-xiao(School of Law,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学法学院,北京100088

出　　处：《行政法学研究》2024年第6期166-176,共11页Administrative Law Review

基　　金：2019年度国家社科基金重大项目“行政诉讼类型制度的构建研究”(项目批号:19ZDA163);四川省哲学社会科学重点研究基地社会治理创新研究中心重点项目“城市基层社会治理中自我规制的机制研究”(项目批号:SHZLZD2307)。

摘　　要：从目前的理论和实务考察,履行法定职责判决存在适用范围不明、规范构造不清、判决内容模糊等问题。最高人民法院在考察德国法上有关“课予义务之诉”与“一般给付之诉”的区分理论,将履行法定职责判决的适用范围限定为当事人要求行政机关履行具体行政行为的情形。法院对其规范构造的审查要遵循“行政机关不履行法定职责是否违法→不履行法定职责是否侵犯当事人合法权益→法院是否应责令行政机关作出行政行为”的三阶层递进式的逻辑结构。依托行政行为合法性审查原则的弹性,行政诉讼“监督行政机关依法行使职权”与“解决行政争议”的立法目的,分别为行政审判工作提供了低强度审查模式与高强度审查模式两种并存的司法审查强度,并继而形塑出程序性判决与实体性判决的规范区分。According to the current theoretical and practical investigation, there are such problems as unclear scope of application, poorly constructed specific actions and vague judgment contents in the judgment of statutory duty performance.Based on the theory of the distinction between “obligation imposing lawsuit” and “general payment claim” in German law, the supreme court has limited the scope of application of the judgment of general payment claim to the circumstances where a party requires an administrative organ to perform a specific administrative act.The review of the specification construction by the court should follow the three-level progressive logical structure of “whether administrative organ's failure to perform statutory duties is illegal → whether the failure to perform statutory duties infringes upon the legitimate rights and interests of the parties involved → whether the court should order the administrative organ to perform an administrative act”.Based on the elasticity of the principle of reviewing the legality of administrative acts, administrative litigation's legislative purposes of “to supervise administrative organs in exercising their functions and powers according to law” and “to settle administrative disputes” provide administrative adjudication with two kinds of concurrent judicial review intensity, i.e.low-intensity review mode and high-intensity review mode, and then shaping the normative distinction between procedural judgment and substantive judgment.

关 键 词：行政诉讼 履行法定职责判决 一般给付判决 诉讼标的 

分 类 号：D925.3[政治法律—诉讼法学]