铝铜导线熔痕元素偏析与晶粒分布特征研究  

Study on Element Segregation and Grain Distribution Characteristics of Aluminum and Copper Wire Melting Marks

作　　者：门腾腾 刘树帅 刘海旭[1] 王永明 MEN Tengteng;LIU Shushuai;LIU Haixu;WANG Yongming(Institute of Forensic Science,Shandong Provincial Public Security Department,Jinan 250001,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250016,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省公安厅物证鉴定研究中心,济南250001 [2]山东大学材料科学与工程学院,济南250016

出　　处：《刑事技术》2024年第6期626-632,共7页Forensic Science and Technology

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)(2021CXGC011305)。

摘　　要：通过电子探针元素分析和背散射电子衍射分析,对铝导线和铜导线的火烧熔痕与短路熔痕进行微区元素偏析和晶粒分布形态的研究。研究结果显示:铝导线在火烧和短路情况下均呈现铁元素的显著偏析,但分布形态不同,火烧熔痕中铁元素呈粗大环状,而短路熔痕则为细长链状。铜导线中,火烧和短路熔痕均表现出氧元素的偏析,且氧化物形态各异,火烧熔痕中氧化物偏析聚集,主要为细长棒状或点状,而短路熔痕中则分散为网状。此外,铝导线和铜导线的火烧与短路熔痕在晶粒分布及取向上也存在显著差异,火烧熔痕以粗大等轴晶或枝晶状为主,短路熔痕则以粗大柱状晶为主。值得注意的是,短路熔痕中的晶粒生长具有明显择优取向,而火烧熔痕则无此现象。Through electron microprobe element analysis and electron backscatter diffraction analysis,a study was conducted on the micro-area element segregation and grain distribution morphology of aluminum and copper wire melting marks caused by fire and short circuits.The results showed significant iron element segregation in both fire-induced and short-circuit-induced melting marks of aluminum wires,but with different distribution patterns:iron elements formed coarse ring-like structures in fire-induced marks,while they appeared as elongated chain-like structures in short-circuit-induced marks.For copper wires,both fire-induced and short-circuit-induced melting marks exhibited oxygen element segregation,with distinct oxide morphologies:oxides in fire-induced marks were concentrated and mainly appeared as elongated rod-like or point-like structures,whereas in short-circuit-induced marks,they were dispersed and mainly spread in a network-like pattern.Additionally,there were notable differences in grain distribution and orientation between fire-induced and short-circuit-induced melting marks of both aluminum and copper wires.Fire-induced marks were dominated by coarse equiaxed grains or dendrite-like structures,while short-circuitinduced marks were mainly characterized by coarse columnar grains.It is worth noting that grain growth in short-circuit-induced marks exhibited a clear preferential orientation,whereas no such preference was observed in fire-induced marks.

关 键 词：铝导线熔痕 铜导线熔痕 晶粒分布 微区成分 失效分析 

分 类 号：DF794.3[政治法律—诉讼法学]