当传统遭遇现代:姚永朴《文学研究法》的理论抉择  

When Tradition Encounters Modernness:The Theoretical Choice of Yao Yongpu’s Methods of Literary Study

作　　者：潘务正 PAN Wu-zheng(Chinese Poetry Research Center,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu Anhui 241002,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学中国诗学研究中心,安徽芜湖241002

出　　处：《苏州大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第6期147-157,共11页Journal of Soochow University(Philosophy & Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“清代诗史典型事件的文献考辑与研究”(项目编号:18ZDA255)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《文学研究法》是姚永朴在北京大学授课的讲义,课程设计者参照日本学者关于“文学”概念的理解,但姚永朴并未将戏曲、小说等纳入其中,而是以文章学代替之。在此著中,姚氏虽明说不以宗派相号召,但他又有强烈的乡邦文化意识,为消弭这一矛盾,他将桐城文章学理论融入中国传统文论的序列之中。积极投身革命时期的刘师培承传扬州骈文派宗旨,抨击桐城派,且民初骈文作为官方应用之文而盛行,姚氏虽主张骈散合流,但对扬州骈文派理论多有不满。处于白话与文言相争之时,姚氏极力推崇文言“保国之精神”的功能。在向现代过渡之际,姚永朴所代表的桐城派固守着他们安身立命之本的传统。《文学研究法》代表着那个时代传统学人进入现代社会的纠葛与抉择。Methods of Literary Study was a collection of the teaching material of Yao Yongpu at Peking University,and the curriculum was set with the concept of“literature”,which referred to the understanding of Japanese scholars.Instead of including operas and novels in literature,Yao Yongpu replaced them with literary works.In this book,although Yao explicitly stated that he did not call for sectarianism,he also had a strong sense of rural culture.In order to eliminate this contradiction,he integrated the literary theory of the Tongcheng School into the sequence of traditional Chinese literary theory.During the period of the Revolution,Liu Shipei actively participated in it.He inherited the purpose of the Parallel Prose School in Yangzhou and criticized the Tongcheng School.In the early years of the Republic of China,parallel prose was popular as an official application of text.Although Yao advocated the integration of parallel prose with prose,he expressed his dissatisfaction with the Parallel Prose School in Yangzhou.At a time when vernacular and literary language were in competition,Yao revered the function of literary language as the“spirit of protecting the nation”.In the transition to modernity,Yao Yongpu,who represented the Tongcheng School,clung to the tradition of its survival.It can be said that Methods of Literary Study represents the involvement and choice of traditional scholars to enter modern society in that era.

关 键 词：姚永朴 《文学研究法》 北京大学 讲义 桐城派 

分 类 号：I206.5[文学—中国文学]