瓜菜自动嫁接机的设计  

Design of Automatic Grafting Machine for Vegetables

作　　者：田红梅[1] 蔡奎 陶珍[1] 杨积山 张建[1] 王川[4] 王朋成 林茂先 TIAN Hong-mei;CAI Kui;TAO Zhen(Institute of Vegetable Crops,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hefei,Anhui 230031;Hefei Jiafute Robot Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hefei,Anhui 230088)

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,安徽合肥230031 [2]合肥佳富特机器人科技有限责任公司,安徽合肥230088 [3]安徽永冠农业科技有限公司,安徽淮南232000 [4]安徽省农业科学院农业机械装备与工程研究所,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第23期197-200,236,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：安徽省揭榜挂帅项目(2022296906020002);安徽省农业科学院科技成果转化项目(2024YL035)。

摘　　要：针对瓜菜嫁接育苗人工嫁接效率低、专业嫁接工人需求量大、嫁接质量不稳定等作业耗时耗力的问题,设计自动瓜菜嫁接机,实现砧木、接穗苗切割、贴接、包扎、下料等嫁接工艺流程的自动化,大大减少了嫁接工人的劳动强度。该嫁接机器使用卧式滚筒多工位贴接方式进行瓜菜嫁接,采用四工位四模组的结构基础,将嫁接流程简单化、分布化、并行化,实现机械精准、稳定、高效自动化嫁接。瓜菜嫁接机的定位精度为±0.2 mm,实现了种苗的高精度嫁接。瓜果嫁接机的嫁接速率为1 401.0株/h,嫁接成功率为98.8%,嫁接壮苗率为98.0%,达到了快速、优质的嫁接育苗目标。Aiming at the problems of lower efficiency of manual grafting,great demands of professional grafting workers and unstable grafting quality,an automatic vegetable grafting machine was designed to automate the grafting process such as cutting,pasting,wrapping,and cutting rootstocks and scion seedlings,which greatly reduced the labor intensity of grafting work.This grafting machine used a horizontal drum multi station grafting method for grafting,and adopted a four-station and four-module structural foundation to simplify,distribute,and parallelize the grafting process,which achieved automatic grafting accurately,stably,and efficiently.The positioning accuracy of the grafting machine was±0.2 mm,which achieved high-precision grafting of seedlings.The grafting rate was 1401.0 plants per hour.The grafting success rate was 98.8%,and the strong seedling rate was 98.0%,which achieved the goal of fast and high-quality grafting seedling cultivation.

关 键 词：嫁接机 嫁接效率 瓜菜 种苗 

分 类 号：S22[农业科学—农业机械化工程]