中国知识产权法域外效力的理论阐释与实现进路  

Theoretical Interpretation of and Realistic Path to the Extraterritorial Effect of China's Intellectual Property Law

作　　者：刘云开 Liu Yunkai

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学博士后流动站

出　　处：《环球法律评论》2024年第6期201-218,共18页Global Law Review

基　　金：2021年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“总体国家安全观下产业知识产权风险治理现代化研究”(21&ZD203)的研究成果。

摘　　要：知识产权法能否取得域外效力,是推进中国知识产权相关法律域外适用的关键问题,对此学界存在分歧。事实上,知识产权的地域性并不排斥知识产权法的域外效力,基于域外效力规范开展知识产权法的单向域外适用契合经济管理类法律域外适用的趋势,且不违反涉外纠纷管辖和法律适用的国际法准则,是中国维护涉外创新利益的重要制度工具。美国实践中通过确立域外效力规范、解释立法意图、分析因果联系等手段,审慎推进知识产权各领域法律的域外适用,积极维护美国产业利益。为丰富涉外知识产权法治工具箱,积极塑造公平竞争的国际贸易秩序,中国有必要构建基于域外效力规范和冲突规范的知识产权法“单向域外适用+双向域外适用”组合模式,在符合“真实联系要求”的基础上拓展知识产权法的空间效力,在遵循国际礼让、利益衡量和适度性原则的基础上开展知识产权法单向域外适用,并注重强化知识产权法域外适用的协同保障。Whether the Chinese intellectual property law has an extraterritorial effect is the key issue in promoting the extraterritorial application of Chinese law.Currently,there are some controversies over this subject in academic circles.The regional characteristics of intellectual property,the private law attribute of intellectual property law,and the idea of multilateralism are the main reasons for questioning the extraterritorial effect of intellectual property law.However,theoretically,the territoriality of intellectual property does not exclude the extraterritorial effect of intellectual property law.The establishment of rules on extraterritorial effect and the unilateral extraterritorial application of intellectual property law by China are in line with the trend of extraterritorial application of economic management laws and do not violate the international law on the jurisdiction over foreign-related intellectual property disputes and the application of law.In reality,it is also an important institutional tool for China to safeguard its foreign innovation interests.From the perspective of extraterritorial practice,the United States has expanded the extraterritorial effect of its intellectual property law in the fields of patents,trademarks,copyright and trade secrets by establishing rules on extraterritorial effect,interpreting legislative intentions,and analyzing the connections between cause and effect.Commercial interests are the core factor influencing the extraterritorial application of intellectual property law by the U.S.To protect its commercial interests,U.S.courts have abandoned to some extent the application of the principle of presumption against extraterritoriality.This shows that whether intellectual property law has extraterritorial effect mainly depends on the interests,position and strength of a state.Unilateral extraterritorial effect is not an abuse of extraterritorial jurisdiction,but a modest supplementary mechanism for dealing with foreign-related intellectual property disputes.To enrich C

关 键 词：知识产权法 域外效力 域外适用 地域性 涉外法治 

分 类 号：D923.4[政治法律—民商法学] D997.1[政治法律—法学]