中国共产党对“无产阶级”概念中国化的构建  

The Sinicization of the Concept“the Proletarians”of the Communist Party of China

作　　者：侯竹青[1] Hou Zhuqing

机构地区：[1]中共福建省委党校中共党史教研部

出　　处：《历史研究》2024年第8期92-114,M0005,M0006,共25页Historical Research

摘　　要：马克思主义传入中国后,中国共产党逐步形成“无产阶级”就是现代产业工人的认知。但此认知与中国现实的“无产阶级”间存在矛盾张力,因此部分中国共产党人开始注意到农村中的雇农及其革命性问题。农村包围城市的革命道路确立后,中国共产党将“无产阶级”的指涉对象扩展到雇农,并合理调整和补充定义“工人”的经济社会标准,构建出植根中国具体实际的“无产阶级”概念。为了磨炼无产阶级领导革命的品质能力,中国共产党又提出“党无产阶级化”的号召和政策。随着“无产阶级化”的衡量标准从以成分为主转变为以思想为主,“无产阶级”概念的中国化构建完成,对新民主主义革命理论的形成和实践的成功起到巨大作用。The cognition in the Communist Party of China(CPC)that“the Proletarians”are the modern industrial workers gradually formed after the introduction of Marxism to China.This cognition,however,was to some extent in tension with the reality of the Chinese proletarians,a part of Chinese Communists began to pay attention to the landless farmers in the countryside and their revolutionary character.After the establishment of the revolutionary road of“Encircling the Cities from the Countryside”,the CPC extended the referent of“the Proletarians”to include landless farmers,adjusted and supplemented the economic and social standards of“workers”,constructed the concept“the Proletarians”rooted in the concrete reality of China.To hone the quality and ability of the leadership of the Proletarians,the CPC put forward the call and policy of“Proletarianization of the Party”.It was the shift of measure of“proletarianization”from the class identity to the ideology that completed the construction of the Sinicization of the concept“the Proletarians”,which played a significant role in the formation of the theory on New Democracy and the success of its practice.

关 键 词：中国共产党 无产阶级 马克思主义中国化 布尔什维克政 党新民主主义论 

分 类 号：D231[政治法律—政治学] A81[政治法律—中共党史]