济南市市售肉与肉制品中致病菌污染状况及沙门菌耐药性与分型特征分析  

The pathogenic bacteria contamination status,Salmonella drug resistance,and typing characteristics of retail meat and meat products in Ji'nan City

作　　者：李健[1] 宋绚丽 时玉雯[1] 尹晓煜[1] 胡彬[2] 刘辉[1] LI Jian;SONG Xuanli;SHI Yuwen;YIN Xiaoyu;HU Bin;LIU Hui(Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ji'nan,Shandong 250021,China;Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ji'nan,Shandong 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]济南市疾病预防控制中心,济南山东250021 [2]山东省疾病预防控制中心,济南山东250014

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2024年第11期1383-1389,共7页China Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解济南市4类市售肉与肉制品中5种致病菌的污染状况,掌握沙门菌分离株的血清型、分子分型、耐药性等特征,为防止食源性疾病事件的发生提供参考。方法参照《国家食品污染物和有害因素风险监测工作手册》等对2021—2022年济南市市售4大类132份肉与肉制品中的沙门菌、单核增生李斯特菌、空肠弯曲菌、小肠结肠耶尔森菌、致泻大肠埃希氏菌等5种食源性致病菌进行分离,用血清凝集分析菌株的血清型,脉冲场凝胶电泳对菌株进行聚类分析,肉汤稀释法测试分离株药物敏感性。结果4类肉与肉制品中均有致病菌检出,阳性样本检出率为53.0%(70/132),132份样本中共检出致病菌96株,总检出率为72.7%,致病菌检出率最高的品类为生禽肉(93.3%)。分离自生禽肉的菌株中,占比为首位的血清型为肠炎沙门菌;分离自生畜肉的菌株中,瑞森沙门菌为优势血清型别。46株沙门菌的相似度为49.0%~100.0%,共有35种带型,相似度高于85.0%的菌株共有36株,占比为78.3%,分离自生禽肉和生畜肉的菌株在聚类树未呈现聚簇分布,分离株对多种抗菌药物耐药。结论济南地区的生禽肉、生畜肉和调理肉制品存在较严重的致病菌污染和食品安全隐患,沙门菌分离株的耐药性较为严重,相关部门有必要开展风险评估,制定并实施合理的风险管控措施和耐药性控制措施。Objective To investigate the contamination status of five foodborne pathogens(Salmonella,Listeria monocytogenes,Campylobacter jejuni,Yersinia enterocolitica,and Escherichia coli)in four categories of poultry and meat products sold in Jinan City,and to grasp the serotype,molecular typing features,and antibiotics resistance of isolated Salmonella,providing a reference for preventing foodborne disease outbreaks.Methods According to the"National Food Contaminants and Harmful Factors Risk Monitoring Work Manual",five types of foodborne pathogens were isolated from 132 samples of four categories of poultry and meat products sold in Jinan City from 2021 to 2022,and serotyping was performed using hemagglutination,and molecular typing was performed using pulse field gel electrophoresis(PFGE),while the drug sensitivity of isolates was tested by broth microdilution method.Results Pathogenic bacteria were detected in all four categories of poultry and meat products,with a positive sample detection rate of 53%.A total of 96 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected from 132 samples,with a total detection rate of 72.7%.The highest detection rate of pathogenic bacteria was in raw poultry meat(93.3%).Among the isolates from raw poultry meat,Salmonella enteritidis was the predominant serotype,and Salmonella rissen was the predominant serotype in isolates from raw livestock meat.The similarity of 46 Salmonella strains ranged from 49.0%to 100.0%,with a total of 35 serotypes.Among them,the similarity of 36 strains was above 85.0%,accounting for 78.3%of the total.The strains isolated from raw poultry meat and livestock meat did not show clustering distribution in the dendrogram,and the isolates were resistant to a variety of antibiotics.Conclusions There is a serious pathogen contamination and food safety risk in raw poultry meat,raw livestock meat,and processed meat products in Jinan.The Salmonella isolates exhibit severe drug resistance,highlighting the need for relevant authorities to conduct risk assessment and implement reaso

关 键 词：食源性致病菌 肉与肉制品 沙门菌 脉冲场凝胶电泳分型 耐药性 济南 

分 类 号：R378.22[医药卫生—病原生物学]