基于无人机的重大工程施工管理优化模型与算法研究  

Research on Optimization Model and Algorithm of Major Project Construction Management Based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

作　　者：吴靓雯 镇璐[1] WU Jingwen;ZHEN Lu(School of Management,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200044,China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学管理学院,上海200444

出　　处：《工程管理科技前沿》2024年第6期58-67,共10页Frontiers of Science and Technology of Engineering Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(72394360,72394362,72025103)。

摘　　要：随着无人机技术的发展和制造成本的降低,无人机在工程管理中的应用优势愈发明显。本文针对无人机配置和调度的整合优化问题,考虑重大工程项目施工进程的不确定性,建立了两阶段随机规划模型。针对该模型特征,设计了定制化的基于变邻域搜索和列生成的双层启发式算法。通过大量的数值试验,验证了模型的有效性和算法的高效性。本文提出的模型和算法可以被嵌入到工程项目管理的决策支持系统中,协助以低成本完善资源配置,高效完成无人机监测调度。通过敏感性分析试验,为工程项目管理者提供了科学的管理启示。With the development of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)technology and the reduction of manufacturing cost,the advantages of UAVs application in engineering management become more and more obvious.Particularly as a non-contact monitoring tool,research on major construction project management based on UAVs monitoring is of significant importance but also faces challenges.On the one hand,decisions about the appropriate scale of charging stations need to be made long before the project starts,affecting the deployment capacity of UAVs.The key lies in how to deploy different quantities and types of UAVs for the charging stations.A reasonable UAVs layout and deployment solution can ensure the practical monitoring requirements at construction sites,maximize the shared use of UAVs,and expand resource utilization.On the other hand,major construction projects have long construction cycles,dynamic changes in construction environments,and uncertainties in tasks at monitored sites at different stages.It is crucial for managers to consider uncertainty factors in scientifically planning the UAVs monitoring routes.Timely adjustments to UAVs deployment under uncertain monitoring conditions can ensure that major construction project management responds to various random situations,ensuring the relative stability of decision solutions.To address the characteristics of the above challenges in major construction management,this study introduces an integrated problem of UAVs deployment and scheduling,considering the uncertainties of monitored tasks at various stages of major construction projects.A two-stage stochastic programming model is proposed to deploy multiple types of UAVs in response to monitoring sites in the context of uncertainty.The objective is to minimize the total cost,including the initial construction cost of charging stations,UAVs startup costs,and flight costs.The first stage of the proposed model concerns decisions on the scale of charging stations and the deployment of multiple types of UAVs.In the second stage,the

关 键 词：重大工程 无人机 两阶段随机规划 列生成 变邻域搜索 

分 类 号：TU71[建筑科学—建筑技术科学] TP18[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程]