《国际中文教育中文水平等级标准》中级双音节名词语义透明度的类型及教学建议  

Types of Semantic Transparency in Intermediate Two-Syllable Nouns in Chinese Proficiency Grading Standards for International Chinese Language Education and Teaching Suggestion

作　　者：潘亮 乔立智 PAN Liang;QIAO Lizhi(School of Literature and Communication,Yunnan Minzu University,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]云南民族大学文学与传媒学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《广西科技师范学院学报》2024年第4期37-48,共12页Journal of Guangxi Science & Technology Normal University

基　　金：云南省2023年本科教育教学改革研究项目“民族类本科院校汉语言文学国家级一流专业建设研究与实践”(JG2023080);云南民族大学2022年审核评估教育教学研究与实践项目“一流本科专业建设质量保障体系研究与实践”(2022JYJX-08)。

摘　　要：词汇是对外汉语教学的重要组成部分,与学习者的汉语水平有直接的联系,有必要对学习者所学的汉语词汇进行分析,从而制定科学的教学策略。本研究借助语义透明度理论,采用统计分析法和文献分析法,对《国际中文教育中文水平等级标准》中的中级双音节名词进行研究。数据显示,其中相对透明的词汇最多,完全透明和相对隐晦的词汇次之,完全隐晦的词汇较少。基于统计结果,本研究提出教学建议:对外汉语教师在教授完全透明的词时,应使用语素教学法,并运用初级词解释词义;讲解比较透明的词时,要强化多义语素及新语素义的学习,同时注重附加式合成词结构的剖析;讲解比较隐晦的词时,应培养学生的反透明意识,并注重词语引申义的阐释;教授完全隐晦的词时,应充分利用学习者的母语,并与具体情境相结合。Directly related to learners’Chinese proficiency,vocabulary is an important part of teaching Chinese as a foreign language.It is necessary to analyse the Chinese vocabulary learnt by the learners so as to develop scientific teaching strategies.In this paper,with the help of the theory of semantic transparency,the methods of statistical analysis and document analysis,the intermediate bisyllabic nouns in Chinese Proficiency Grading Standards for International Chinese Language Education are studied.The data shows that there are the most relatively transparent terms,followed by fully transparent and relatively obscure terms,and fewer fully obscure terms.Based on the statistical results,pedagogical suggestions are given:when teaching fully transparent words,Chinese teachers should use the morpheme teaching method and apply primary words to explain the meanings of words;while explaining relatively transparent words,they should intensify the study of polysemy and neo-morphemic meanings,and pay attention to analyzing the structure of additive compounds;when it comes to explaining relatively obscure words,they should cultivate the students’awareness of anti-transparency and focus attention on explaining the derived meanings of the words;when teaching extremely obscure words,teachers should fully utilize the learners’mother tongue and combine with specific contexts.

关 键 词：《国际中文教育中文水平等级标准》 中级双音节名词 语义透明度 教学建议 

分 类 号：H195[语言文字—汉语]