巴彦淖尔市土地利用变化及其对生态环境质量的影响  

Land Use Changes and Its Impact on Ecological Environment Quality in Bayannur City

作　　者：叶博文 孙标[1,2,3] 史小红 赵云靓[1] 庞嘉琪 郭玉颖 姚卫泽 YE Bo-wen;SUN Biao;SHI Xiao-hong;ZHAO Yun-liang;PANG Jia-qi;GUO Yu-ying;YAO Wei-ze(College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Inner Mongolia Water Resource Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory,Hohhot 010018,China;State Gauge and Research Station of Wetland Ecosystem,Wuliangsuhai Lake,Inner Mongolia,Bayannur 014404,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古自治区水资源保护与利用自治区重点实验室,呼和浩特010018 [3]内蒙古乌梁素海湿地生态系统国家定位观测研究站,巴彦淖尔014404

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第12期6899-6909,共11页Environmental Science

基　　金：内蒙古重点研发和成果转化计划项目(2023YFDZ0022);国家自然科学基金项目(52060022);国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(52260028,52369014)。

摘　　要：巴彦淖尔地区作为我国北方重要的生态屏障,监测与评价其生境质量动态变化及其与土地利用变化的关系,对维护地区生态平衡和物种多样性具有至关重要的作用.基于GEE平台调用多期遥感影像耦合构建遥感生态指数(RSEI),分析2000~2022年巴彦淖尔市生境质量变化并探究其与土地利用变化的关系.结果表明:①2000~2022年,巴彦淖尔生境质量虽有缓慢提升但整体较差,年变化速率为0.0008 a^(-1)(P>0.05),呈不显著上升趋势,且南部生境质量明显高于北部地区;②巴彦淖尔地类变化主要发生在乌拉特中旗和乌拉特后旗,草地面积变化最大,其次为荒地和耕地;③2000~2010年,研究区生境质量上升主要与其他地类转为耕地以及荒地和部分耕地转化为草地有关,而2010~2022年,生境质量下降与草地面积萎缩,大面积转为荒地有关;④草地对生境质量上升区和下降区的影响最大,草地面积每增加10%,上升区面积相应增加6.33%,下降区面积减少4.58%.研究可为干旱半干旱区城市土地格局优化、生态环境治理以及生态文明城市建设提供科学依据.As an important ecological protective screen in northern China,monitoring and evaluating the dynamic changes in habitat quality and their relationship with land use changes in Bayannur played a notable role in maintaining regional ecological balance and species diversity.Based on the Google earth engine(GEE)platform,this study employed multi-period remote sensing image coupling to construct a remote sensing ecological index(RSEI),analyzed the changes in habitat quality in Bayannur City from 2000 to 2022,and explored its relationship with land use changes.The results showed that:①From 2000 to 2022,although the habitat quality of Bayannur improved slowly,the overall quality was poor.The annual change rate was 0.0008 a^(-1)(P>0.05),showing an insignificant upward trend,and the habitat quality in the south was significantly higher than that in the north.②The changes of land types in Bayannur mainly occurred in Urad Middle Banner and Urad Back Banner.The changes in grassland area were the largest,followed by those of wasteland and cultivated land.③From 2000 to 2010,the increase in habitat quality in the study area was mainly related to the conversion of other land types to cultivated land and the conversion of wasteland and some cultivated land to grassland.From 2010 to 2022,the decrease in habitat quality was related to the shrinkage of grassland areas and the conversion of large areas to wastelands.④Grassland had the greatest impact on the rising and falling areas of habitat quality.For every 10%increase in grassland area,the rising area increased by 6.33%,and the falling area decreased by 4.58%.The research could provide a scientific theoretical basis for urban land pattern optimization,ecological environment management,and ecological civilization city construction in arid and semi-arid areas.

关 键 词：生态环境质量 MODIS遥感数据 遥感生态指数 土地利用变化 巴彦淖尔市 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]