四川省生态脆弱性时空分异及其驱动机制  

Spatio-temporal Differentiation and Its Driving Mechanism of Ecological Vulnerability in Sichuan Province

作　　者：喻春哲 于欢[1] 项清 胡文凯 颜东明 YU Chun-zhe;YU Huan;XIANG Qing;HU Wen-kai;YAN Dong-ming(College of Geography and Planning,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学地理与规划学院,成都610059

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第12期6922-6934,共13页Environmental Science

基　　金：青海省重点研发与成果转化计划项目(2022-QY-224);西藏自治区重点研发及转化类项目(CGZH2024000416)。

摘　　要：四川省作为典型的复杂地貌区,生态环境结构性矛盾突出,深入研究四川省生态脆弱性的时空分异特征并揭示其驱动机制,对区域生态环境的保护和管理具有重要意义.基于“敏感-恢复-压力”模型,从自然和社会环境等方面,选取15个评价指标,运用空间主成分、空间自相关和参数最优地理探测器,系统分析2000~2020年四川省生态脆弱性的时空分异特征,并对连续型因子做最优离散化,从而揭示其驱动机制.结果表明:(1)2000年、2010年和2020年四川省生态脆弱性指数分别为0.422、0.417和0.398,整体处于中度脆弱,空间上,呈“东部高、西部低”空间分异格局,表现出明显的区域性差异特征;时间上,生态环境呈逐渐改善的趋势;(2)生态脆弱性空间格局保持相对稳定,且具有显著的空间集聚特征,高-高聚集区主要分布在城市化快速发展和人口密集的东部,而低-低聚集区主要分布在生态环境良好和人口稀少的西部、西北部以及西南部;(3)土地利用、生境质量和生物丰度是四川省生态脆弱性的主要驱动因子,并且不同驱动因子之间的交互作用增强了对生态脆弱性的影响.因此,生态脆弱性是多因素综合作用的结果,需有针对性地采取不同生态环境保护与管理策略.Sichuan Province is widely recognized as a highly representative and complex geomorphic region,where the structural contradiction of the ecological environment is prominent.The in-depth study of the spatio-temporal differentiation characteristics and identification of the driving mechanism of ecological vulnerability from a spatial differentiation perspective in Sichuan Province is of great importance to the regional ecological environment management and protection.Here,the Sichuan Province was selected as the research area and 15 indicators from the natural and social environment aspects were used to establish an evaluation system based on the“sensitivity-recovery-pressure”framework.The spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics of the ecological vulnerability in the study area were comprehensively analyzed by spatial principal component analysis,spatial autocorrelation,and optimal parameters-based geographical detector.Additionally,the driving mechanism behind the spatial differentiation of ecological vulnerability was revealed through the optimization of continuous variable discretization.The results showed that:①From 2000 to 2020,a gradual decrease was observed in the ecological vulnerability index from 0.422 to 0.398,suggesting an overall upward trend in the ecological environment.The general ecological vulnerability level was moderately fragile,with a slightly better trend over time.A distinct pattern of“high in the east and low in the west,”was observed indicating significant regional differences.②The spatial pattern of ecological vulnerability in the Sichuan Province remained relatively stable and exhibited strong spatial agglomeration characteristics.High-high clustering areas were mainly distributed in the rapid development of urbanization and densely populated eastern region and low-low clustering areas were primarily distributed in the western,northwestern,and southwestern regions with a good ecological environment and a sparse population.③The major driving factors of ecological vuln

关 键 词：生态脆弱性 时空分异 空间主成分分析 空间自相关 参数最优地理探测器 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]