北方小麦田土壤-小麦系统镉综合健康风险评估  

Comprehensive Assessment of the Health Risk of Cadmium Exposure from Soil-wheat System in Wheat Fields in Northern China

作　　者：张田[1,2] 李艳玲[3] 王天齐 张瑶 杨阳 陈卫平[2] ZHANG Tian;LI Yan-ling;WANG Tian-qi;ZHANG Yao;YANG Yang;CHEN Wei-ping(Henan Institute of Advanced Technology,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450003,China;State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for EcoEnvironmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;China Communications Construction Company Tianjin Eco-Environmental Protection Design&Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300202,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学河南先进技术研究院,郑州450003 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085 [3]中交天津生态环保设计研究院有限公司,天津300202

出　　处：《环境科学》2024年第12期7245-7252,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42277385);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA28020103)。

摘　　要：精确评估土壤-小麦系统镉(Cd)暴露健康风险对于区域健康风险防范措施制定具有重要意义.基于区域大面积调查和Monte Carlo随机模拟方法,通过构建综合健康风险评估(CHRA)模型对华北平原某小麦主产区土壤-小麦系统Cd暴露健康风险开展案例研究.结果表明,研究区73%的土壤样品Cd含量超过农田土壤筛选值(GB 15618-2018),57.8%的小麦样品Cd含量超过国家食品安全限量标准(GB 2762-2017).手-口摄入途径是区域成人和儿童土壤Cd暴露的主要途径,该途径下34.7%的成人和57.4%的儿童致癌风险高于USEPA推荐的安全阈值(1E-06).综合健康风险评估显示,区域土壤-小麦系统成人和儿童非致癌和致癌风险均高于安全域值,成人的概率分别为26.4%和100%,儿童的概率分别为62.5%和100%.综合非致癌风险和致癌风险总趋势均表现为儿童高于成人.综合健康风险评估模型与不确定性随机模拟方法的联合应用有助于提升风险决策的精确性.Accurately assessing the health risks of cadmium(Cd)exposure in the soil-wheat system is of great importance for the formulation of regional health risk prevention measures.Based on regional large-scale survey and Monte Carlo simulation methods,a case study on the health risk of Cd exposure in a soil-wheat system in a wheat production area of North China Plain was conducted by constructing a comprehensive health risk assessment(CHRA)model.The results showed that 73%of the soil samples in the study area exceeded the screening value of Cd for farmland soil(GB 15618-2018)and 57.8%of the wheat samples exceeded the national standard(GB 2762-2017)for Cd.The hand-mouth ingestion pathway was the main route of soil Cd exposure for adults and children in the region,and under this pathway,34.7%of adults and 57.4%of children had a cancer risk higher than the safe threshold recommended by USEPA(1E-06).The comprehensive non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of cadmium exposure from the soil-wheat system in the region were higher than the safe domain values for both adults and children,with the probabilities of 26.4%and 100%for adults and 62.5%and 100%for children,respectively.The overall trends of the comprehensive risks showed that children had higher risks than those of adults.The combined application of the comprehensive health risk assessment model and the uncertainty random simulation method helps to improve the accuracy of risk decision-making.

关 键 词：综合风险评估模型 蒙特卡洛模拟 土壤-小麦系统 镉(CD) 概率风险分析 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X820.4