有机肥施用量对和田设施‘夏黑’葡萄二茬果营养生长及土壤肥力的影响  

Effects of organic fertilizer application rate on vegetative growth and soil fertility of ‘Summer Black' grape in Hotan facility

作　　者：宋光永 郭雅文 薛婧 左开云 杨克箐 苏学德[3] 周龙[1] SONG Guang-yong;GUO Ya-wen;XUE Jing;ZUO Kai-yun;YANG Ke-qing;SU Xue-de;ZHOU Long(Horticulture College of Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi Xinjiang 830052;Xinjiang Jinze Liquor Co.Ltd.,Hotan Xinjiang 848007;Institute of Horticulture,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences,Shihezi Xinjiang 832000)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学园艺学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆金泽酒业有限公司,新疆和田848007 [3]新疆农垦科学院林园所,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2024年第10期88-94,共7页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划(2020B01003)。

摘　　要：为提高肥料利用率,探讨设施温室内‘夏黑’葡萄的二茬果阶段合理的有机肥施用量。以和田地区设施温室一年两熟中二茬果的‘夏黑’葡萄为研究材料,设置有机肥(牛粪)15 t/hm^(2)(A1)、30 t/hm^(2)(A2)和45t/hm^(2)(A3)共3个处理,研究有机肥施用量对‘夏黑’葡萄二茬果的营养生长及土壤肥力变化的影响。结果表明:A3处理新梢长度、节间长度、鲜重、干重和叶面积显著高于A1处理,表现最好;经过一个生长周期,A3处理根长密度、根质量密度等指标显著高于其他处理;3种施肥水平均可增加土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、有效磷和速效钾含量,改善土壤p H。综上,本试验条件下有机肥施用量为45 t/hm^(2)处理对‘夏黑’葡萄二茬果营养生长有明显的促进作用,且显著改善土壤肥力。In order to improve the utilization rate of fertilizer,the reasonable application amount of organic fertilizer in the second harvest stage of‘Summer Black’grape in greenhouse was discussed.The‘Summer Black’grape of two crops in one year growing in greenhouse in Hotan area was used as the research material.Three treatments of organic fertilizer(cow dung)15 t/hm^(2)(A1),30 t/hm^(2)(A2)and 45 t/hm^(2)(A3) were set up.The effects of organic fertilizer application on the vegetative growth and soil fertility changes of‘Summer Black’grape were studied.The results showed that:The shoot length,internode length,fresh weight,dry weight and leaf area of A3 treatment were significantly higher than those of A1 treatment,and the performance was the best.After a growth cycle,the root length density and root mass density of A3 treatment were significantly higher than those of other treatments.All the three fertilization levels increased soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,available phosphorus and available potassium content,improved soil pH.In summary,under the conditions of this experiment,the application of organic fertilizer at 45 t/hm^(2) treatment significantly promoted the vegetative growth of‘Summer Black’grape,and significantly improved the soil fertility.

关 键 词：有机肥 ‘夏黑’葡萄 二茬果 设施温室 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学] S158[农业科学—园艺学]