粤东西北地区基本公共卫生服务人员职业倦怠现状及其影响因素  

Current Situation and Influencing Factors of Job Burnout Among Basic Public Health Service Workers in Eastern,Western,and Northern Guangdong

作　　者：王丽芝 黄蓝 徐羽萱 王冬 WANG Lizhi(School of Health Management,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou,Guangdong,510515,China)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学卫生管理学院,广东广州510515 [2]广东省高校公共卫生政策研究与评价哲学社科重点实验室,广东广州510515 [3]广州市公共卫生服务体系建设人文社会科学重点研究基地,广东广州510515

出　　处：《医学与社会》2024年第12期89-96,共8页Medicine and Society

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助重大项目,编号为22ZDA104。

摘　　要：目的:评估粤东西北地区基本公共卫生服务人员的职业倦怠现状,探讨其影响因素,为改善基本公共卫生服务人员职业倦怠现状提供建议。方法:采用职业倦怠量表,于2023年7-9月对粤东西北地区48家基层公共卫生机构的基本公共卫生服务人员进行问卷调查。通过二分类logistic回归分析职业倦怠的影响因素。结果:共纳入848名粤东西北基本公共卫生服务人员,职业倦怠阳性检出率为53.7%(455/848),其中情感衰竭、去个性化、个人成就感低落3个维度中重度职业倦怠检出率分别为13.8%(117/848)、31.5%(267/848)、58.3%(494/848)。回归分析结果显示,性别、工作-报酬匹配度、自评工作胜任力是基本公共卫生服务人员职业倦怠的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:基层公共卫生服务人员的职业倦怠发生率较高,性别、工作-报酬匹配度和自评工作胜任力对职业倦怠有显著影响。建议从建立公平公正的基层公共卫生保障体系、营造和谐的工作氛围以及完善公共卫生专业人才的培养机制等方面入手,以平衡工作与报酬关系、提升人员胜任力,进而减轻职业倦怠。Objective:To assess the current situation of job burnout among basic public health service workers in Eastern,Western,and Northern Guangdong and explore its influencing factors,in order to propose intervention strategies to improve the current situation.Methods:From July to September 2023,a survey was conducted among public health service workers from 48 primary health institutions in Eastern,Western,and Northern Guangdong using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey(MBI-GS).Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing job burnout.Results:A total of 848 workers were included,with a burnout prevalence of 53.7%(455/848).The rates of moderate to severe burnout in the dimensions of emotional exhaustion,depersonalization,and reduced personal accomplishment were 13.8%(117/848),31.5%(267/848),and 58.3%(494/848),respectively.Regression analysis showed that gender,work-reward match,and self-assessed job competence were significant factors influencing burnout(P<0.05).Conclusion:The prevalence of job burnout among basic public health service workers is high,and factors such as gender,work-reward match,and self-assessed job competence have a significant impact on burnout.It is recommended to address this issue by establishing a fair and equitable public health support system,fostering a harmonious work environment,and improving professional training mechanisms for public health personnel to balance work and rewards,enhance their ability,and alleviate job burnout.

关 键 词：医学心理 职业倦怠 基本公共卫生服务 广东 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生] R192.5