身体、艺术与科学:15—17世纪的西方灌肠图像  

Body,Art,and Science:The Western Enema Images from the 15th to 17th Centuries

作　　者：王芳芳[1] 曹超婵 Wang Fangfang;Cao Chaochan

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学园艺学院 [2]浙江理工大学国际教育学院

出　　处：《美术观察》2024年第11期72-74,共3页Art Observation

基　　金：2024年浙江理工大学教学改革项目“基于PBL法的艺术史论课程教学改革--以《西方艺术与文明》为例”阶段性成果,项目编号:jgzd202414。

摘　　要：15世纪至17世纪的西方社会经历了一段宗教、医学、艺术紧密交织的历史时期,甚至还被戏称为“灌肠时代”。在文艺复兴和宗教改革的推动下,灌肠从自然的秩序观向理性的科学观转型。由此产生的灌肠图像不仅客观地还原了医学场景,强调视觉的朴实性,还蕴含着当时的健康观、伦理观及艺术美学的内涵。本文围绕15世纪至17世纪的灌肠图像,梳理早期以观察论、通感论为中心的灌肠理论,到灌肠图像的具体表现及其在想象领域的发展变化,进而探讨灌肠作为一种隐性疾病转化成社会道德共鸣的过程。From the 15th to 17th Centuries,Western society experienced a period when religion,medicine,and art were closely intertwined,a time that has been humorously dubbed the"Era of Enemas".Driven by the Renaissance and the Reformation,the practice of enemas transitioned from a view based on natural order to one rooted in rational scientific inquiry.The enema images from this era not only objectively depicted medical scenes with an emphasis on visual simplicity but also reflected the health concepts,ethical perspectives,and artistic aesthetics of the time.This article focuses on enema images from the 15th to 17th centuries,traces the evolution from early enema theories focused on observation and synesthesia to the concrete representation and imaginative realms of enema images,further exploring the process by which enemas transformed from a hidden disease into a social moral resonance.

关 键 词：灌肠术与图像 人体解剖 社会风俗 

分 类 号：J209.1[艺术—美术] R-05[医药卫生]