数控机床直线电机进给伺服系统的动态特性分析与研究  

Analysis and Study on the Dynamic Characteristics of CNC Machine Tool Linear Motor Feed Servo System

作　　者：李忠群[1] 欧阳芷楠 刘鸿 丁鹏 孙健聪 曾朝朋 朱思佳 LI Zhongqun;OUYANG Zhinan;LIU Hong;DING Peng;SUN Jiancong;ZENG Chaopeng;ZHU Sijia(School of Mechanical Engineering,Hunan University of Technology,Zhuzhou Hunan 412007,China;Jiangxi Research Institute of Beihang University,Nanchang Jiangxi 710072,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南工业大学机械工程学院,湖南株洲412007 [2]北京航空航天大学江西研究院,江西南昌710072

出　　处：《机床与液压》2024年第22期78-85,共8页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：湖南省自科基金项目(2024JJ7136)。

摘　　要：针对数控机床中控制误差对零件精度与表面质量的影响,探讨机床直线电机进给伺服系统的建模、参数辨识、评估与优化等关键问题。通过对永磁同步直线电机模型和进给伺服系统控制器进行建模,确立系统的基本框架。为了精准捕捉其动态特性,在参数辨识方面,采用卡尔曼滤波的辨识方法对伺服系统的质量、黏性阻尼系数及库仑摩擦力进行辨识,并将辨识参数代入系统模型,验证了卡尔曼滤波辨识结果的准确性。最后,为减小机床控制误差,针对进给伺服系统的评估与优化提出时域性能指标,并通过试凑法对进给伺服系统的控制进行参数优化,同时验证了优化参数的可靠性。In view of the influence of control errors on the precision and surface quality of CNC machine tools,the key problems of modeling,parameter identification,evaluation and optimization of linear motor feed servo system were discussed.The basic framework of the system was established by modelling the permanent magnet synchronous linear motor and the feed servo system controller.In order to accurately capture the dynamic characteristics of the servo system,the mass,viscous damping coefficient and coulomb friction of the servo system were identified by Kalman filter identification method,and the identification parameters were substituted into the system model to verify the accuracy of the identification results of Kalman filter.Finally,in order to reduce the control error of the machine tool,time domain performance indicators indexes of the feed servo system were evaluated,and the parameters of the feed servo system were optimized by test patch method.The reliability of the optimized parameters was verified.

关 键 词：数控机床 进给伺服系统 动态特性 参数辨识 评估与优化 

分 类 号：TM341[电气工程—电机]