基于虚拟编组的城市轨道交通列车开行方案研究  

Train Operation Scheme of Urban Rail Transit Based on Virtual Coupling

作　　者：程志伟 潘寒川[1] 黎旭帆 刘志钢[1] CHENG Zhiwei;PAN Hanchuan;LI Xufan;LIU Zhigang(School of Urban Railway Transportation,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学城市轨道交通学院,上海201620

出　　处：《铁道运输与经济》2024年第12期227-236,共10页Railway Transport and Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(72371154)。

摘　　要：为了匹配城市轨道交通存在的客流时空分布不均衡现象,改善乘客满意度及企业运营成本,提出一种基于虚拟编组的城市轨道交通开行方案模型。模型兼顾乘客和企业的利益,以乘客等待时间和车辆走行距离之和最小为目标,考虑因素包括列车满载率、可用车辆数、可用列车数等,以虚拟联挂/解编站位置、列车发车频率和列车编组数作为决策变量,建立双目标整数非线性规划模型,通过线性化和归一化处理后,以某城轨线路为例进行求解。结果表明,在领头车为3节编组的城市轨道交通虚拟编组开行方案相较于传统固定编组和多编组开行方案,乘客等待时间分别降低9.34%和7.31%,车辆走行距离分别降低12.29%和10.93%,匹配客流需求更加精准,有利于提高乘客满意度并降低企业运营成本。考虑到虚拟编组模式运行的条件,该模式更适用于自动化程度高的线路,今后可以为企业决策提供参考。To match the uneven spatio-temporal distribution of the passenger flow in urban rail transit,and improve passenger satisfaction and operational costs of enterprises,this paper proposed an operation scheme model for urban rail transit based on virtual coupling.The model took into account the interests of both passengers and enterprises and aimed to minimize the sum of waiting time for passengers and travel distance of vehicles.Meanwhile,the considered factors include the train load factor,number of available vehicles,and number of available trains,with the virtual coupling/uncoupling station location,train departure frequency and train formation number employed as decision variables.Finally,a bi-objective integer nonlinear programming model was built.After linearization and normalization,the solution was conducted by taking a certain urban rail line as an example.The results show that compared with the traditional fixed formation and multi-formation operation schemes,the virtual coupling operation scheme of urban rail transit with a leader train in a three-train formation can reduce the waiting time of passengers by 9.34%and 7.31%respectively,and decrease the travel distance of vehicles by 12.29%and 10.93%respectively.Additionally,the accuracy is higher in matching passenger demand,which is conducive to improving passenger satisfaction and reducing the operational cost of enterprises.Considering the operation conditions of the virtual coupling mode,this mode is more suitable for lines with a high degree of automation,thus providing references for the decision-making of enterprises in the future.

关 键 词：城市轨道交通 虚拟编组 开行方案 运力匹配 整数规划 

分 类 号：U292.4[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]