基于滑模变结构控制的感应电动机调速系统研究  

Research of Induction Motor Speed Regulation System Based on Sliding Mode Variable Structure Control

作　　者：张立 张苑晴 吴宇深 张春良[2] Zhang Li;Zhang Yuanqing;Wu Yushen;Zhang Chunliang(Guangzhou Urban Construction Vocational School,Guangzhou 510320,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市城市建设职业学校,广州510320 [2]广州大学机械与电气工程学院,广州510006

出　　处：《机电工程技术》2024年第11期67-70,133,共5页Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52205090);“羊城学者”科研项目(202235199);国家级大学生创新创业训练项目(s202311078031)。

摘　　要：针对感应电动机起动性能不佳、低频时转矩较低等缺点,在矢量控制的基础上,运用滑模变结构控制算法设计感应电动机调速系统中的转速外环。同时通过Matlab/Simulink平台搭建感应电动机调速控制系统,设计给定转速和调速变化两组实验观察感应电动机的起动特性和调速特性。实验结果表明,与传统PI结构的转速外环相比,采用滑模变结构控制算法设计转速外环,在起动过程中可以提高感应电动机的起动性能和稳态性能,在给定转速为1200 r/min时,起动时间仅需0.06 s,而传统PI控制需要0.12 s;在调速过程中可以进一步提高感应电动机的起动速度以及缩短感应电动机在加速、减速过程所需要的时间,调速变化所需时间约为传统PI控制的一半。总的来说,基于滑模变结构算法设计的转速外环的感应电动机,具有更快的起动速度和更短的加减速时间,且无明显抖振现象。Aim at the disadvantages of poor induction motor which has starting performance and low torque at low frequency,the sliding mode variable structure control algorithm is used to design the outer speed ring in the induction motor speed regulation system based on vector control.Further,the induction motor speed control system is built by Matlab/Simulink platform,and two sets of experiments are designed to observe the starting characteristics and speed control characteristics of the induction motor with given speed and speed regulation change.The simulation results show that compared with the traditional PI structure,the sliding mode variable structure control algorithm can improve the starting and steady state performance of induction motor during the starting process.When the given speed is 1200 r/min,the starting time is only 0.06 s,while the traditional PI control needs 0.12 s.In the process of speed regulation,the starting speed of the induction motor can be further improved and the time required by the induction motor in the process of acceleration and deceleration can be shortened,and the time required for speed regulation change is about half of the traditional PI control.In general,the induction motor based on sliding mode variable structure algorithm has faster starting speed and shorter acceleration and deceleration time,and without obvious buffeting phenomenon.

关 键 词：感应电动机 矢量控制 滑模控制 调速系统 

分 类 号：TM346.2[电气工程—电机]