核电厂大功率汽轮机调速控制优化方法设计  

Design of speed control optimization method for high-power steam turbine in nuclear power plant

作　　者：方潮伟 Fang Chaowei(China Nuclear Power Operation Management Co.,Ltd.,Zhejiang Jiaxing,314300,China)

机构地区：[1]中核核电运行管理有限公司,浙江嘉兴314300

出　　处：《机械设计与制造工程》2024年第12期37-41,共5页Machine Design and Manufacturing Engineering

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金(Y105182)。

摘　　要：为了解决核电厂大功率汽轮机出现的转子力矩不平衡与超调问题,提出一种核电厂大功率汽轮机调速控制优化方法。首先分析核电厂大功率汽轮机组调节子系统的组成,并从静态和动态两方面探究调节子系统的特征。其次根据调速系统的动态与静态特征,建立转子力矩平衡方程以实现转子力矩平衡控制,为瞬态动力学分析提供了稳定的工作条件。再次通过瞬态动力学分析,将汽轮机叶片模型分割为超单元,计算关键位置的应力分布和动态响应,以降低超调量。最后构建模糊PID控制器,结合汽轮机叶片阻尼比,优化调速控制参数,设定调速控制函数,实现汽轮机调速稳定控制。实验结果表明,该方法超调量小,控制平衡能力与稳定精度高,平均累计控制误差不超过0.02 r/min。In order to solve the problems of rotor torque imbalance and overshoot in high-power steam turbines of nuclear power plants,an optimization method for speed control of high-power steam turbines in nuclear power plants is proposed.It analyzes the composition of the regulating subsystem of high-power steam turbine units in nuclear power plants,and explores the characteristics of the regulating subsystem from both static and dynamic perspectives.Based on the dynamic and static characteristics of the speed control system,a rotor torque balance equation is established to achieve rotor torque balance control,which provides the stable working conditions for transient dynamics analysis.Through transient dynamics analysis,the turbine blade model is segmented into super elements,and the stress distribution and dynamic response at key positions are calculated to reduce overshoot.It constructs a fuzzy PID controller,combines the damping ratio of the turbine blades,optimizes the speed control parameters,sets the speed control function and achieves stable speed control of the turbine.The experimental results show that this method has a small overshoot,high control balance and stability accuracy,and an average cumulative control error of no more than 0.02 r/min.

关 键 词：瞬态动力学 核电厂 大功率汽轮机 调速控制 PID控制器 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]