老年认知障碍患者口腔护理难点与干预对策  

Difficulties and intervention countermeasures of oral care for elderly patients with cognitive impairment

作　　者：张芳 张玲[1] ZHANG Fang;ZHANG Ling(State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&National Center for Stomatology&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&Department of cariology and endodontics West China Hospital of Stomatology,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]口腔疾病防治全国重点实验室国家口腔医学中心国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心四川大学华西口腔医院牙体牙髓病科,四川成都610041

出　　处：《牙体牙髓牙周病学杂志》2024年第11期674-678,共5页Chinese Journal of Conservative Dentistry

基　　金：四川省护理科研课题计划项目(H21004);四川大学华西口腔医院软科学基金资助项目(RD-01-202302)。

摘　　要：全球老龄化导致患有认知障碍的老年人口增长迅速,其伴随的口腔健康问题日益凸显,认知障碍与口腔健康的交互关系已成为研究热点。认知障碍患者由于认知功能和行为功能受损,导致日常生活能力受限,不能自行做好口腔卫生保健,甚至对照护者的口腔护理产生抵触,加之认知障碍药物对口腔的副作用,最终引发一系列的口腔疾病;另一方面,牙周炎、龋病、牙列缺损或牙列缺失、咀嚼功能降低等口腔高发疾病也是认知障碍的危险因素,可加重认知障碍程度。老年认知障碍患者口腔护理已成为全身健康护理的一大难题。针对老年认知障碍患者口腔护理难点,构建完善的口腔护理干预对策可一定程度上降低口腔疾病的发生率,从而减缓认知障碍的发生。本文围绕国内外研究进展,结合临床护理经验,对老年认知障碍患者口腔护理难点及干预对策进行分析总结,以期为国内开展相关研究及制定干预对策提供指导。Global aging has led to a rapid growth of the elderly population with cognitive impairment,and the accompanying associated oral health issues have become increasingly prominent.The interplay between cognitive impairment and oral health has become a research hotspot.Due to the impairment of cognitive function and behavioral function,patients with cognitive impairment have limited daily living ability,cannot perform oral hygiene independently,and may even resist the oral care of caregivers,as well as the side effects of medications for cognitive impairment can negatively impact oral health,which eventually lead to various oral diseases.On the other hand,high-risk oral diseases such as periodontitis,caries,tooth loss,and reduced chewing function are also risk factors for cognitive impairment,potentially exacerbating its severity.Oral care for elderly patients with cognitive impairment has become a major problem in general health care.In view of the difficulties in oral care for elderly patients with cognitive impairment,the developing a comprehensive oral care intervention strategy can reduce the incidence of oral diseases to a certain extent,thus slowing the progression of cognitive impairment.Based on research advancements both domestically and internationally and combined with clinical nursing experience,this paper analyzes and summarizes the difficulties and intervention countermeasures of oral nursing in elderly patients with cognitive impairment,in order to provide guidance for relevant research and intervention countermeasures in China.

关 键 词：认知障碍 护理难点 干预对策 口腔护理 

分 类 号：R787[医药卫生—口腔医学]