细胞蜡块制作方法的改进和体会  

Improvement and experience of making method of cell wax block

作　　者：徐清 王翠梅 徐晨 顾学文 肖芹 董双双 Xu Qing;Wang Cuimei;Xu Chen;Gu Xuewen;Xiao Qin;Dong Shuangshuang(Department of Pathology,North Jiangsu People′s Hospital,Yangzhou 225000,China)

机构地区：[1]苏北人民医院病理科,扬州225000

出　　处：《实用医技杂志》2024年第11期810-812,F0003,共4页Journal of Practical Medical Techniques

基　　金：江苏省重点专科资金(ZDZKB0018);江苏省苏北人民医院医院院级重点项目资金(SBKY21004)。

摘　　要：目的通过试验摸索出一种简单高效的细胞蜡块制作方法。方法收集苏北人民医院2021年1月至2024年1月临床送检胸(腹)腔积液样本130份。将样本分2组:第1组(65份)取样本置于离心管内,离心弃上清。将细胞沉渣用镊子裹于擦镜纸内放入包埋盒中制成细胞蜡块。第2组(65份)取样本离心弃上清,在离心管内加入样本保存液,将细胞沉渣吹打混匀后离心弃上清,离心管置于-20℃冰箱20 min,用镊子将细胞沉渣裹于擦镜纸内放入包埋盒中制成细胞蜡块。结果第1组:样本的血凝块处理不干净,细胞沉渣黏于离心管壁、镊子等,细胞成分丢失,样本需要重新送检;常规切片时切片不完整、出现刀痕,苏木精-伊红(HE)染色时结构不完整,免疫组织化学染色时出现背景着色,影响结果判读。第2组:样本中的血凝块处理干净,细胞沉渣不与离心管壁等黏连,细胞成分能完全收集;常规切片时切片光滑无刀痕,HE染色时结构完整,红蓝对比明显。免疫组织化学染色阳性细胞定位准确,无背景着色。结论这种细胞蜡块制作的方法使制作质量和肿瘤细胞的检出率明显提高。整个操作过程简单高效,成本低廉,值得推荐。Objective To explore a simple and efficient method for producing cell wax blocks through experiments.Methods Divide the sample into two groups:the first group takes the sample and places it in a centrifuge tube,centrifuge and discard the supernatant.Wrap the cell sediment with tweezers in a lens cleaning paper and place it in an embedding box to make a cell wax block.The second group took samples and centrifuged to discard the supernatant.BD Cytorich Red Preservative was added to the centrifuge tube,and the cell sediment was blown and mixed before centrifuging to discard the supernatant.The centrifuge tube was placed in a-20℃freezer for 20 minutes,and the cell sediment was wrapped in lens cleaning paper with tweezers and placed in an embedding box to make cell wax blocks.Results Group 1:The blood clot in the sample was not properly processed,and the cell sediment adhered to the centrifuge tube wall,forceps,etc.,resulting in loss of cellular components.The sample needs to be resubmitted for testing.During routine slicing,the slices are incomplete and show knife marks.During HE staining,the structure is incomplete,and during immunohistochemical staining,background staining occurs,which affects the interpretation of the results.Group 2:The blood clots in the sample were cleaned up,and the cell sediment did not adhere to the centrifuge tube wall.The cell components could be completely collected,and the slices were smooth without knife marks during routine sectioning.The structure was intact during HE staining,and the red blue contrast was obvious.Immunohistochemical staining showed accurate localization of positive cells without background staining.Conclusion This method of making cell wax blocks significantly improves the quality of cell wax block production and the detection rate of tumor cells.The entire operation process is simple,efficient,and cost-effective,which is worth recommending.

关 键 词：细胞块技术 苏木精-伊红染色 包埋 免疫组织化学 

分 类 号：R361.2[医药卫生—病理学]