乘员舱热环境分析及通风参数优化  

Thermal Environment Analysis and Ventilation Parameter Optimization of Passenger Cabin

作　　者：陈岁繁 孟志伟 李其朋 CHEN Suifan;MENG Zhiwei;LI Qipeng(School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Zhejiang University of Science and Technology,Zhejiang Hangzhou 310023,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江科技学院机械与能源工程学院,浙江杭州310023

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2024年第12期56-60,共5页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：浙江省科技厅项目“科技助力经济2020”重点专项(SQ2020YFF0423771);浙江省重点研发计划(2020C01053)。

摘　　要：为了提高夏季驻车时乘员舱自然通风降温的效率,提出了一种乘员舱顶部通风的方法,利用多目标遗传算法,优化了顶部通风的送风参数。利用fluent对乘员舱内流场进行数值模拟,选用realizable k-ε湍流模型,并引入太阳辐射模型。以进风速度和进风角度为设计变量,以监测点温度值为优化目标,采用拉丁超立方方法设计样本点并进行数值模拟。建立了6个目标函数的二阶响应面模型,利用多目标遗传算法对响应面模型进行优化设计,最后对优化后的进风参数数值模拟进行流场分析,并与优化前对比。结果表明,通风参数的合理改变,乘员舱内平均温度有明显的降低,其中前排脚部降低1.65℃,后排头部降低1.44℃,并且优化后乘员舱内的流场分布更加合理。In order to improve the cooling efficiency of natural ventilation in cabin in summer,a method of top ventilation in cabin is proposed,and the multi-objective genetic algorithm is used to optimize the top ventilation parameters.The flow field in the cabin was numerically simulated by fluent.The realizable k-εturbulence model was selected and the solar radiation model was introduced.Taking the inlet velocity and inlet angle as design variables and the temperature of monitoring points as the optimization objective,the sample points were designed by Latin hypercube method and the numerical simulation was carried out.The second-order response surface models of six monitoring points were established,and the multi-objective genetic algorithm was used to optimize the response surface model.Finally,the flow field of the numerical simulation of the optimized inlet parameters was analyzed and compared with that before optimization.The results show that with the reasonable change of ventilation parameters,the average temperature in the cabin is obviously changed.The foot of the front row is reduced by 1.65℃,and the head of the rear row is reduced by 1.44℃.The flow field distribution in the cabin is more reasonable after optimization.

关 键 词：乘员舱 通风降温 CFD 试验设计 响应面法 优化设计 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TU834[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]