应用Simulink尺寸参数对油气悬挂阻尼特性影响分析  

Analysis of the Influence of Size Parameters on Hydro-Pneumatic Suspension Damping Characteristics Based on Simulink

作　　者：郭晓聪 李宁 GUO Xiaocong;LI Ning(Zhengzhou University of Economics and Business,He’nan Zhengzhou 451191,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州经贸学院,河南郑州451191

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2024年第12期144-147,156,共5页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：河南省高等学校重点科研项目(21B460024)。

摘　　要：阻尼孔和单向阀是实现油气悬挂衰减振动的重要结构,二者的结构参数将直接影响油气悬挂的输出特性。根据油气悬挂的结构特点和输出特性,对单向阀和阻尼孔的小孔流量特性进行分析,并对由此产生的阻尼力变化进行分析,获取整个系统的输出特性模型;基于Simulink搭建油气悬挂的特性分析模型,并重点设计了单向阀和阻尼孔的流量计算子模型;对周期激励下,系统两个腔体的油液流量和运动及悬挂的阻尼特性进行分析,并采用试验台测试的方法对仿真模型的可靠性进行验证;基于Simulink分析模型,分析簧载质量、阻尼孔和单向阀直径等关键参数对油气悬挂特性的影响规律。结果可知:随着油气悬挂外部激励增强,位移和速度特性均发生了较大的变化,周期激励结果均为封闭曲线;随着速度的增加,阻尼力也显著增加,在两个行程中差异大,表现出非对称特性;当阻尼孔尺寸减小时,流经阻尼孔的油液做功增加,系统的衰减作用增强,同时对簧上质量的影响也较小;达到稳定状态后,仿真分析和试验测试的幅值也基本一致,表明数学模型和仿真模型的准确性,为此类设计提供参考。Damping holes and one-way valves are important structures for achieving vibration attenuation in hydro-pneumatic suspension,and their structural parameters will directly affect the output characteristics of the hydro-pneumatic suspension.According to the structural characteristics and output characteristics of the hydro-pneumatic suspension,the orifice flow characteristics of the damping holes and one-way valves were analyzed,and the resulting damping force changes were analyzed to obtain the output characteristic model of the entire system.Based on Simulink,the characteristic analysis model of hydro-pneumatic suspension was built,and the flow calculation sub-model of check valve and damping hole was designed.Under the periodic excitation,the oil flow rate and the damping characteristics of the motion and suspension of the two cavities of the system were analyzed,and the reliability of the simulation model was verified by the test method.Based on the Simulink analysis model,the influence of key parameters such as sprung mass,damping hole and check valve diameter on the characteristics of hydro-pneumatic suspension was analyzed.The results show that:with the increase of external excitation of hydro-pneumatic suspension,the displacement and velocity characteristics have changed greatly,and the periodic excitation results are closed curves.As the speed increases,the damping force also increases significantly,and the difference between the two strokes is large,showing asymmetric characteristics.When the size of the damping hole decreases,the work of the oil flowing through the damping hole increases,the attenuation effect of the system increases,and the influence on the spring mass is also small.After reaching a steady state,the amplitude of the simulation analysis and the experimental test are basically the same,indicating the accuracy of the mathematical model and the simulation model,which provides a reference for such design.

关 键 词：油气悬挂 输出特性 阻尼孔 单向阀 阻尼力 直径尺寸 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TP391.7[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] U461.6[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]