药物依赖戒断者心理健康模型建构及运动干预效果研究  

Modeling of Psychological Health and the Effects of Exercise Intervention among Drug Withdrawal Patients

作　　者：刘佳宁 陈彦璋 周成林 LIU Jianing;CHEN Yanzhang;ZHOU Chenglin(Department of Physical Education,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;School of Psychology,Shanghai University of Sports,Shanghai 200438,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学体育教学部,上海200092 [2]上海体育大学心理学院,上海200438

出　　处：《体育学研究》2024年第5期107-115,130,共10页Journal of Sports Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(17ZDA330)。

摘　　要：研究运用《药物依赖戒断者心理健康问卷》构建结构方程模型,揭示锻炼态度如何调节药物渴求、心理症状与强迫性药物使用的关系,并考察10周有氧运动对药物依赖戒断者心理健康的影响。结果表明,心理症状是引发药物依赖及强迫性行为的重要因素,药物渴求在其中发挥了中介作用,锻炼态度在此中介效应中起到了关键的调节作用。通过运动干预,戒断者的心理症状显著改善,药物渴求及强迫性药物使用大幅减少。多层线性分析进一步显示,运动干预在调节药物渴求和强迫性药物使用方面具有明显效果。研究结论:基于“药物依赖戒断者心理健康问卷”构建的模型在戒断者心理健康研究中展现出较高的应用价值,其中药物渴求在心理症状与强迫性用药行为的关系中发挥中介效应,锻炼态度在该路径后半段起到了调节作用。此外,运动干预对于改善戒断者的心理状态、减少药物渴求及强迫性用药行为具有显著效果,多层线性模型验证了运动干预的调节作用。This study established a structural equation model using the“Psychological Health Questionnaire for Drug Withdrawal,”revealing how exercise attitudes moderate the relationship between drug craving,psychological symptoms,and compulsive drug use.Additionally,the research examined the effects of a 10-week aerobic exercise program on the mental health of individuals in drug withdrawal.The results indicated that psychological symptoms are significant factors contributing to drug dependence and compulsive behaviors,with drug craving acting as a mediating variable,and exercise attitudes play a crucial regulatory role within this mediating effect.Through the intervention,the participants’psychological symptoms improved significantly,and there was a marked reduction in drug craving and compulsive drug use.Multilevel linear analysis further demonstrated that the exercise intervention effectively moderates drug craving and compulsive drug use.The conclusions of the study suggest that the model constructed based on the“Psychological Health Questionnaire for Drug Withdrawal”shows high applicability in research into the psychological health of individuals in withdrawal.In this model,drug craving mediates the relationship between psychological symptoms and compulsive drug use behaviors,with exercise attitudes serving a regulatory role in the latter half of this pathway.Furthermore,the exercise intervention has been proved to be effective in improving the psychological state of individuals in withdrawal,reducing drug craving,and minimizing compulsive drug use behaviors,which was validated by the multilevel linear model.

关 键 词：药物依赖戒断者 药物渴求 心理健康 锻炼态度 运动干预 

分 类 号：R749.61[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] G804.8[医药卫生—临床医学]