雷达-红外双波段兼容的碳纤维/铝粉/改性三元乙丙复合涂层  

Radar-IR dual band compatible carbon fiber/aluminum powder/modified ethylene propylene diene composite coating

作　　者：宁亮[1] 董春蕾 王贤明[1] 吴连锋[1] 于美杰[3] 王成国[3] NING Liang;DONG Chunlei;WANG Xianming;WU Lianfeng;YU Meijie;WANG Chengguo(State Key Laboratory of Marine Coatings,Marine Chemical Research Institute CO.,LTD.,Qingdao 266071,China;Aviation Industry Corporation of China,Shenyang Aircraft Design and Research Institute,Shenyang 110035,China;College of Materials and Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,China)

机构地区：[1]海洋化工研究院有限公司海洋涂料国家重点实验室,青岛266071 [2]中国航空工业集团公司沈阳飞机设计研究所,沈阳110035 [3]山东大学材料科学与工程学院,济南250061

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2024年第11期5985-5992,共8页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)(2021ZLGX01,2021CXGC010903);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2022ME055)。

摘　　要：多波段兼容的复合涂层材料在军民融合领域需求迫切,是目前的研究热点。涂料粘结剂是影响涂层力学性能、红外性能和介电性能的重要组分,然而大部分有机粘结剂红外发射率较高,添加低发射率填料后往往无法协调力学性能、红外隐身和雷达透波性能之间的矛盾。以丙烯酸(AA)、马来酸酐(MAH)为改性单体对三元乙丙粘结剂进行接枝改性,以改性前后的三元乙丙为粘结剂,以漂浮性铝粉和短切抗静电碳纤维为填料,制备了具有低红外发射率和低介电损耗特性的复合涂层。系统研究了改性单体种类、用量对粘结剂本身及对添加填料的复合涂层性能的影响规律。研究结果表明:随着改性单体含量的增加,复合涂层的红外发射率略有提高,而雷达透波性能基本维持不变。粘结剂的接枝改性改善了填料和粘结剂之间的相容性、润湿性和界面结合,显著提高了复合涂层的力学性能,通过适当的接枝改性,复合涂层的拉伸强度(σb)和断裂伸长率(e)分别可提高32%和18%。分析了引入极性单体对复合涂层介电常数和损耗的影响及对填料与树脂相容性的影响。Multi-band compatible composite coating materials are in urgent demand in the field of civil-military integration and are a current research hotspot.Coating binder is an important component affecting the mechanical,infrared and dielectric properties of coatings.However,most organic binders have high infrared emissivity,and the low emissivity fillers often fail to harmonize the contradiction between mechanical properties,infrared stealth and radar transmittance properties.A composite coating with low infrared emissivity and low dielectric loss characteristics was prepared by modifying ethylene propylene diene(EPDM)binder with acrylic acid(AA)and maleic anhydride(MAH)as grafting monomers,and using EPDM rubber as binder before and after modification,floating aluminum powder and short-cut antistatic carbon fiber as fillers.The influence laws of modified monomer type and dosage on the binder itself and on the performance of the composite coating with added filler were systematically investigated.The results show that the infrared emissivity of the composite coatings slightly increases with the increase of the content of grafted monomers,while the radar transmittance properties remain basically unchanged.The graft modification of the binder improves the compatibility,wettability and interfacial bonding between the filler and binder,which significantly improves the mechanical and comprehensive properties of the composite coating.The tensile strength(σb)and elongation at break(e)of the composite coating can be increased by 32%and 18%,respectively,by appropriate graft modification.The mechanism of the effect of AA and MAH graft modification on the coating properties was revealed from the aspects of polarity,branching and cross-linking.

关 键 词：复合涂层 红外隐身 红外发射率 透波 介电 碳纤维 雷达 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]