新型余弦函数基点阵材料变形吸能特性及结构梯度化设计  

Deformation energy absorption characteristics and structure gradient design of novel cosine function-based lattice materials

作　　者：吕若萱 任浩乾 梅轩 牛心想 曹悉奥 王振 朱国华[1] LYU Ruoxuan;REN Haoqian;MEI Xuan;NIU Xinxiang;CAO Xi'ao;WANG Zhen;ZHU Guohua(School of Automobile,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710064,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学汽车学院,西安710064

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2024年第11期6215-6231,共17页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFB2501705);陕西省重点研发计划(2021LLRH-04-02-01);陕西省自然科学基金(2023-JC-QN-0430,2024JC-YBMS-267);陕西省博士后科研项目(2023BSHYDZZ124);中国博士后科学基金(2023M740358);长安大学研究生科研创新实践项目(300103723029)。

摘　　要：提出了一种新型的余弦函数胞元基(Cosine function cell-based,CFCB)点阵材料,并对其面外压缩载荷下的力学性能开展试验及仿真研究,试验结果表明新型CFCB点阵材料在准静态面外压缩载荷下的能量吸收较相同质量的体心立方(Body centered cubic,BCC)点阵材料提升了134.4%;此外,通过有限元仿真发现CFCB点阵材料的能量吸收随胞元单杆直径增加而增加。为了进一步改善均匀型CFCB点阵材料的面外压缩变形模式并提高其承载性能,设计了一种层间梯度CFCB点阵构型,并结合试验与仿真手段探究了梯度CFCB点阵材料在准静态面外压缩载荷下的能量吸收特性及关键参数对其吸能特性的影响规律。结果表明:与均匀CFCB点阵材料相比,梯度CFCB点阵材料在吸能方面具有更强的优势,且增大梯度系数可以提高层间梯度点阵材料的承载能力与能量吸收能力。最后,采用离散变量多目标优化方法对层间梯度CFCB点阵材料进行了优化设计,优化后的梯度CFCB点阵材料的比吸能提高了35.3%,能量吸收增加7.1%。研究能够对新型CFCB点阵材料及其梯度构型设计提供可靠的试验结果、准确的数值模型及高效的优化方法。This study proposes a new type of cosine function cell-based(CFCB)lattice materials and conducts experimental and simulation studies on the mechanical properties of such materials under quasi-static out-ofplane compressive load.The experimental results show that the energy absorption of the CFCB lattice material is improved by 134.4%compared with that of the body centered cubic(BCC)lattice material.Besides,through numerical simulation,it is found that the energy absorption of CFCB lattice materials increases with the increase of the diameter of the single-cell diameter.In order to further improve the out-of-plane compression deformation mode and improve the bearing performance of uniform CFCB lattice materials,an interlayer gradient CFCB lattice material was designed,and energy absorption capacity of these gradient lattice materials and their key affecting factors are experimentally and numerically investigated.The results show that the gradient CFCB lattice materials have superior advantages in energy absorption compared with uniform CFCB lattice materials,and it is also found that increasing gradient coefficients can improve their load-bearing capacity and energy absorption capacity.Finally,the multi-objective discrete optimization method was used to optimize the design of the interlayer gradient CFCB lattice material,and the specific energy absorption of the optimized gradient CFCB gradient lattice material was improved by 35.3%,and the energy absorption was increased by 7.1%.This study can provide reliable experimental results,accurate numerical models and efficient optimization methods for the design of novel CFCB lattice materials and their gradient configurations.

关 键 词：点阵材料 能量吸收 数值模拟 梯度结构 优化设计 

分 类 号：TB333[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]