中国老年人群轻度认知功能障碍危险因素Meta分析  

Meta-analysis of risk factors for mild cognitive impairment in Chinese elderly population

作　　者：滕菲 井淇 王素珍[1] 王培承[1] 安洪庆[1] TENG Fei;JING Qi;WANG Suzhen;WANG Peicheng;AN Hongqing(School of Public Health,Weifang Medical University,Weifang,Shandong 261053,China)

机构地区：[1]潍坊医学院公共卫生学院,山东潍坊261053

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2024年第10期1239-1248,共10页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目(72004165);中国学位与研究生教育学会研究课题(2020MSA105);中国高等教育学会“2023年度高等教育科学研究规划课题”立项项目(23PG0411);山东省教育科学“十四五”规划2023年度课题立项项目(2023ZC168)。

摘　　要：目的系统分析≥60岁中国老年轻度认知功能障碍(mild cognitive impairment,MCI)患者的主要危险因素,构建老年人群MCI风险指标体系,为MCI的防治提供理论参考与数据支持。方法计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网、维普数据库、万方数据知识服务平台,收集建库至2022年12月有关中国≥60岁老年人MCI影响因素的相关研究,采用Review manager 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果本研究共纳入文献39篇,其中病例对照研究37篇,队列研究2篇,文献质量均为中高等。经Meta分析,高龄(>80岁)(OR=1.09,95%CI:1.05~1.13)、女性(OR=1.32,95%CI:1.04~1.67)、独居(OR=3.13,95%CI:2.75~3.56)、离异或丧偶(OR=2.26,95%CI:1.85~2.75)、受教育程度较低(文盲及小学)(OR=3.36,95%CI:1.70~6.65)、吸烟(OR=2.04,95%CI:1.39~3.01)、饮酒(OR=2.30,95%CI:1.87~2.83)、不锻炼(OR=3.74,95%CI:2.24~6.25)、睡眠质量不好(<6 h或>9h)(OR=5.02,95%CI:3.54~7.11)、高血压(OR=1.61,95%CI:1.43~1.82)、糖尿病(OR=1.75,95%CI:1.51~2.02)、心脏病(OR=2.37,95%CI:1.71~3.28)、卒中(OR=2.30,95%CI:1.80~2.93)、高血脂(OR=2.01,95%CI:1.64~2.47)是MCI的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论高龄、女性、独居、离异或丧偶、受教育程度较低(文盲及小学)、吸烟、饮酒、不锻炼、睡眠质量不好、高血压、糖尿病、心脏病、卒中、高血脂人群更容易发生MCI,在老年MCI的研究中应重点聚焦上述危险因素,早期识别风险人群,有效预防MCI、延缓老年痴呆的发生、发展。Objective To systematically analyze the primary risk factors for mild cognitive impairment(MCI)in individuals aged 60 and above in China and to construct a risk index system for MCI,providing theoretical and data support for the prevention and management.Methods A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,CNKI,VIP Database,and Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform for studies published until December 2022 that examined factors influencing MCI in Chinese individuals aged over 60 and older.RevMan 5.4 software was used to conduct the Meta-analysis.Results A total of 39 articles were finally included,including 37 case-control studies and 2 cohort studies.The quality of the literature is medium to high.The meta-analysis showed that elderly(over 80 years old)(OR=1.09,95%CI:1.05-1.13),female(OR=1.32,95%CI:1.04-1.67),living alone(OR=3.13,95%CI:2.75-3.56),being divorced or widowed(OR=2.26,95%CI:1.85-2.75),lower education level(illiteracy and primary school)(OR=3.36,95%CI:1.70-6.65),smoking(OR=2.04,95%CI:1.39-3.01),alcohol consumption(OR=2.30,95%CI:1.87-2.83),lack of exercise(OR=3.74,95%CI:2.24-6.25),poor sleep quality(<6 h or>9 h)(OR=5.02,95%CI:3.54-7.11),hypertension(OR=1.61,95%CI:1.43-1.82),diabetes(OR=1.75,95%CI:1.51-2.02),heart disease(OR=2.37,95%CI:1.71-3.28),stroke(OR=2.30,95%CI:1.80-2.93),and hyperlipidemia(OR=2.01,95%CI:1.64-2.47)were significant risk factors for MCI(P<0.05).Conclusions Individuals who are advanced age,female,living alone,divorced or widowed,with lower education level(illiteracy and primary school),smokers,drinkers,non-exercisers,experiencing poor sleep quality,and suffering from hypertension,diabetes,heart disease,stroke,or hyperlipidemia are at a higher risk of developing MCI.Future research on MCI in the elderly should focus on these risk factors to facilitate early identification of at-risk populations,effectively prevent MCI,and delay the occurrence and development of Alzheimer's disease.

关 键 词：老年人 轻度认知功能障碍 META分析 

分 类 号：R749.1[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]