横向复合过载下固体火箭发动机压强振荡  

Solid rocket motor pressure oscillations under lateral composite overloads

作　　者：艾诗迪 李军伟[1] 田忠亮 韩磊 王宁飞[1] AI Shidi;LI Junwei;TIAN Zhongliang;HAN Lei;WANG Ningfei(School of Aerospace Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Beijing Institute of Space Launch Technology,Beijing 100048,China;China North Industries Co.,Ltd(NORINCO),Beijing 100053,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学宇航学院,北京100081 [2]北京航天发射技术研究所,北京100048 [3]中国北方工业股份有限公司,北京100053

出　　处：《航空学报》2024年第22期92-111,共20页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

摘　　要：飞行条件下固体火箭发动机常经历复杂过载情况,其内弹道骤然抬升或振荡偶有发生。为研究动态过载条件下固体火箭发动机燃烧室内压强特性,根据Greatrix燃速增强模型和考虑燃面退移的零维内弹道模型获得了过载与推进剂燃面质量流量关系曲线;基于该关系对柱锥内孔装药进行了复合过载下的内流场仿真,研究了横向过载加速度、横向振动及振动频率对发动机动态压强特性和旋涡流动的影响。结果表明,随着横向过载加速度与横向振动的增大,燃烧室内平衡压强抬升和压强振荡幅值随之增大,在工作压强为10.54MPa时加速度每增加1g,横向过载加速度能提高0.02%压强振幅及0.35%平衡压强;横向振动频率从7Hz上升至320Hz过程中,压强振荡幅值逐渐减小,但在燃烧室声腔固有频率附近会因共振作用被放大,一阶共振(160Hz)使压强振幅从0.16%提高到0.30%,为原振幅2倍;当复合过载频率与燃烧室声腔共振时,能量从推进剂表面传递进入燃烧室的过程更为有序。Solid rocket motors often experience complex overload conditions during flight,and sudden internal ballistic lift or oscillations occur occasionally.To study the pressure characteristics in the combustion chamber of solid rocket motors under dynamic overload conditions,the relationship curves between overload and mass flow rate of the propellant combustion surface are obtained using the Greatrix burning rate enhancement model and the zero-dimensional internal ballistic model considering the combustion surface recession.Based on the relationship,simulation of the internal flow field for a cylindrical cone bore charge is carried out under composite overload.The effects of lateral overload acceleration,lateral vibration and vibration frequency on the dynamic characteristics of the motor and vortex flow are investigated.The results show that with the increase of lateral overload acceleration and lateral vibration,the equilibrium pressure rises and pressure oscillation amplitude in the combustion chamber increases,and the lateral overload acceleration can increase the pressure amplitude and equilibrium pressure by 0.02%and 0.35%,respectively,with per 1g increase in acceleration at the working pressure of 10.54 MPa.As the lateral vibration frequency rises from 7 to 32o Hz,the amplitude of pressure osillation decreases.But it is amplified by resonance near the intrinsic frequency of the combustion chamber acoustic cavity,and the first-order resonance(16o Hz)raises the amplitude of the pressure from 0.16%to 0.30%,which is twice the original amplitude.When the composite overload frequency resonates with the combustion chamber acoustic cavity,the energy transfer from the propellant surface into the combustion chamber is moreorderly.

关 键 词：固体火箭发动机 复合过载 压强振荡 声腔共振 流动特性 

分 类 号：V19[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]