含硫脱铜剂在碳饱和铁液中脱铜  

Copper removal from carbon-saturated molten iron with FeS-based flux

作　　者：陆志豪 廖相巍 赵成林 张晓博 刘承军 LU Zhihao;LIAO Xiangwei;ZHAO Chenglin;ZHANG Xiaobo;LIU Chengjun(State Key Laboratory of Metal Material for Marine Equipment and Application,Anshan 114009,Liaoning,China;Ansteel Iron and Steel Research Institutes,Anshan 114009,Liaoning,China;School of Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]海洋装备用金属材料及其应用国家重点实验室,辽宁鞍山114009 [2]鞍钢集团钢铁研究院,辽宁鞍山114009 [3]东北大学冶金学院,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《中国冶金》2024年第11期75-82,共8页China Metallurgy

摘　　要：铜会恶化钢材热加工性能,引发热脆,因此大多数钢种中都严格限制其含量,是典型的钢中有害残余元素。铜元素一旦进入钢铁冶炼流程,现有的技术装备和工艺流程无法将其有效脱除,只能依靠稀释法降低钢中铜含量,以避免不利影响。高温下S-Cu元素间亲和力较S-Fe元素间更强,基于此原理开发的利用含硫脱铜剂在铁基熔体内脱铜方法具有较大发展潜力。采用高温试验方法对不同种类的含硫脱铜剂在碳饱和铁液中的脱铜过程进行研究。结果显示,在使用x_(FeS)/x_(Na_(2)S)=6/4(x为物质的量分数)的Na_(2)S-FeS渣进行脱铜时,可在15 min内脱除碳饱和铁液内95.1%的铜,提高渣中Na_(2)S配比可显著抑制含硫渣系引起的铁液增硫,x_(FeS)/x_(Na_(2)S)=2/8时脱铜后铁液硫质量分数可控制为0.032%,向硫化物渣中添加氧化物,如Al_(2)O_(3),可以控制硫化物渣向铁液传硫,但对渣的脱铜能力和最终的脱铜效果有一定影响。Copper is one of the most harmful impurities in steel-making because of its role in causing metallurgical problems during thermo-mechanical processing,called heating embrittlement.To avoid adverse effects,the only option for reducing the copper content in steel is through dilution.However,this method does not truly solve the problem and instead contaminates the pure molten iron.There are strict limits on its content in most steel grades.Once copper is introduced into steel-making process,it will cannot be oxidated from iron-based melt during the conventional refining process but can be sulfurized by sulfur-containing agents according to the strong affinity between S and Cu at high temperature.The decopperization in carbon saturated iron melt using different sulfur-containing agents was studied.The results are shown that when using Na_(2)S-FeS slag with a ratio of x_(FeS)/x_(Na_(2)S)=6/4(x is mole fraction),95.1%of copper can be removed in 15 min.Increasing the ratio of Na_(2)S in the slag can limit the increase of sulfur content in iron caused by mass transfer from slag.When x_(FeS)/x_(Na_(2)S)=2/8,the sulfur mass fraction in iron after decopperzation can be controlled in 0.032%.Adding oxides such as Al2O3 to the sulfide slag can significantly limit sulfur transfer from the slag to iron,but it has a certain impact on the copper removal.

关 键 词：短流程炼钢 废钢循环 残余元素 脱铜 硫化物渣 

分 类 号：TF703[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]