高含水率蓝藻浆对垃圾渗滤液中氮磷的去除机制  

Removal Mechanism of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Landfill Leachate by High Water Content Cyanobacteria Pulp

作　　者：陈怀民 徐点点 陈卓凡 侯嘉裕 Chen Huaimin;Xu Diandian;Chen Zhuofan;Hou Jiayu(Changzhou Institute of Industry Technology,Changzhou 213164,China)

机构地区：[1]常州工业职业技术学院,江苏常州213164

出　　处：《广东化工》2024年第24期47-49,15,共4页Guangdong Chemical Industry

基　　金：常州市应用基础研究专项一般指导性项目(CJ20241009);常州工业职业技术学院博士基金项目(BS202313101004)。

摘　　要：垃圾渗滤液与蓝藻水华都会对生态环境造成严重的影响,本研究将太湖中直接打捞出来的高含水率蓝藻浆与垃圾渗滤液按不同比例混合,探究一条以蓝藻废弃物治理渗滤液污染的路径。结果显示,当垃圾渗滤液占比超过30%时,就会导致微囊藻群体破碎和消亡。在垃圾渗滤液占比为10%时对微囊藻群体的迫害程度最小,在实验第1天单个细胞外多糖中氮磷含量分别为1.63pg/cell和0.523pg/cell,相比于对照组提升了32.5%和12.0%,单个细胞内氮磷含量则分别为5.22pg/cell和0.389pg/cell,与对照组无明显差异。微囊藻去除垃圾渗滤液存在两种机制分别是胞外多糖的快速吸附和细胞内的缓慢吸收。但长时间处于垃圾渗滤液中,微囊藻群体会逐渐消解并释放大量氮磷,因此只能利用微囊藻群体的快速吸附机制去除垃圾渗滤液中氮磷,并在大量的微囊藻仍保有群体形态及上浮能力时,快速将其从垃圾渗滤液中分离出来。未来研究需要考虑如何降低垃圾渗滤液的毒性,使微囊藻能够同时发挥胞内吸收氮磷的功能,从而更高效地净化垃圾渗滤液。Landfill leachate and cyanobacterial bloom will have a serious impact on the ecological environment,and this study mixed the high-moisture content cyanobacterial slurry and landfill leachate directly salvaged from Taihu Lake in different proportions to explore a path to control leachate pollution with cyanobacterial waste.The results showed that when the proportion of landfill leachate exceeded 30%,it would lead to the fragmentation and extinction of the Microcystis colony.On the first day of the experiment,the nitrogen and phosphorus contents of a single extracellular polysaccharide were 1.63 pg/cell and 0.523 pg/cell,respectively,which were 32.5%and 12.0%higher than those in the control group,and the nitrogen and phosphorus content in a single cell was 5.22 pg/cell and 0.389 pg/cell,respectively,which was not significantly different from the control group.There are two mechanisms for Microcystis to remove landfill leachate,namely rapid adsorption of exopolysaccharides and slow intracellular absorption.However,after being in the landfill leachate for a long time,the Microcystis colony will gradually dissolve and release a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus,so the rapid adsorption mechanism of the Microcystis colony can only be used to remove the nitrogen and phosphorus in the landfill leachate,and when a large number of Microcystis still retain the colony morphology and floating ability,they can be quickly separated from the landfill leachate.Future research needs to consider how to reduce the toxicity of landfill leachate,so that Microcystis can simultaneously play the function of intracellular absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus,so as to purify landfill leachate more efficiently.

关 键 词：蓝藻 垃圾渗滤液 氮 磷 胞外多糖 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]