夜航训练场景下的飞行员进近着陆视觉搜索特性研究  

Pilot Approach and Landing Visual Search Characteristics in Night Flight Training Scenarios

作　　者：陈农田[1] 陈凯 韩亦杨 管盛辉 潘乘 李楠 CHEN Nongtian;CHEN Kai;HAN Yiyang;GUAN Shenghui;PAN Cheng;LI Nan(Civil Aviation Flight University of China,Guanghan 618307,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民用航空飞行学院,四川广汉618307

出　　处：《民航学报》2024年第6期90-96,共7页Journal of Civil Aviation

基　　金：民航飞行技术与飞行安全重点实验室飞行技术专题项目(FZ2022ZX09)。

摘　　要：飞行员在进近着陆中的视觉搜索任务复杂,开展飞行员进近着陆时的视觉搜索特性及绩效研究,对保障飞行安全具有重要现实意义。本文首先设置夜航训练进近着陆差异实验场景,然后设置自变量和因变量开展下不同经验水平飞行员的眼动数据实验并采集数据,使用Meanshift算法完成被试对象视觉搜索兴趣区域划分,最后开展不同被试进近着陆的视觉搜索兴趣区及搜索兴趣区参数变化分析。结果表明,注视持续时间、注视频率、注视位置等眼动参数结果能够比较直观地反映被试视觉搜索特征,同时发现飞行教员与飞行学员在夜航训练进近着陆的视觉搜索特性方面存在较大差异。The visual search task of pilots during approach and landing is complex,and conducting research on the visual search characteristics and performance of pilots during approach and landing is of great practical significance for ensuring flight safety.This article first sets up a night flight training approach and landing difference experimental scenario,then conducts eye movement data experiments on pilots with different experience levels by setting independent and dependent variables and collects data.And then the Meanshift algorithm is used to complete the visual search interest region division of the subjects.Finally,analysis of the visual search interest areas and the search interest area parameter changes during approach and landing for different subjects is conducted.The results show that eye movement parameters such as gaze duration,gaze frequency and gaze position can directly reflect the visual search characteristics of the subjects.At the same time,it is found that there are significant differences between flight instructors and pilot trainees in visual search characteristics during approach and landing in night flight training.

关 键 词：进近着陆 MEANSHIFT算法 视觉搜索 视觉绩效 

分 类 号：X922[环境科学与工程—安全科学]