手用镍钛扩大锉与机用镍钛器械下根管预备在小儿乳牙牙髓病根管治疗术中的应用价值观察  

Application value of root canal preparation with manual and mechanical nickel-titanium instruments during root canal therapy of pulp disease of deciduous teeth in children

作　　者：顾超[1] 张红梅 孙红玲 何晓娉 仝越越 GU Chao;ZHANG Hongmei;SUN Hongling;HE Xiaoping;TONG Yueyue(Department of Stomatology,Zhongda Hospital,Southeast University,Nanjing 210044,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学附属中大医院口腔科,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《西部医学》2024年第12期1834-1837,1843,共5页Medical Journal of West China

基　　金：2022年度江苏省老年健康科研项目(LKM2022026)。

摘　　要：目的探究小儿乳牙牙髓病根管治疗术中机用与手用镍钛器械行根管预备对操作时间及治疗效果的影响。方法选取我院2020年1月—2021年3月期间103例乳牙牙髓病根管治疗患儿进行研究,按照随机数字表法分为手用组(n=51)和机用组(n=52),其中手用组采用手用镍钛扩大锉进行根管预备治疗,机用组采用机用镍钛器械进行根管预备治疗。比较两组根管预备和填充效果、术后并发症、根管清洁情况、术后疼痛分级及咀嚼功能。结果机用组根管预备时间显著短于手用组(P<0.05),根管预备效果和根管填充效果均显著优于手用组(P<0.05);机用组术后并发症率(5.77%)低于手用组(19.61%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);机用组根管碎屑评分、砧污层评分、术后疼痛状况显著低于手用组(P<0.05);治疗后随访1年,机用组咬合力和咀嚼效率均显著高于手用组(P<0.05)。结论与手用镍钛扩大锉相比,机用镍钛器械行根管治疗时间更短,有利于提高根管预备及填充效果,根管清洁度较高,患者术后患牙疼痛状况减轻,远期疗效更好,值得推荐。Objective To explore the influence of root canal preparation with mechanical and manual nickel-titanium instruments on the operation time and treatment effect during root canal therapy of pulp disease of deciduous teeth in children.Methods 103 children with pulp disease of deciduous teeth in the hospital from January 2020 to March 2021 were selected for the study.According to the random number table method,the children were divided into manual group and mechanical group.The manual group(n=51)was treated with manual nickel-titanium enlarged file for root canal preparation,and the mechanical group(n=52)underwent root canal preparation with mechanical nickel-titanium instrument.The root canal preparation effect and filling effect,postoperative complications,root canal cleanliness,postoperative pain grading and masticatory function were compared between the two groups.Results The root canal preparation time in mechanical group was significantly shorter than that in manual group(P<0.05),and the root canal preparation effect and root canal filling effect were significantly better than those in manual group(P<0.05).The incidence rate of postoperative complications was 5.77%in mechanical group and that in manual group was 19.61%(P<0.05).The root canal debris score,anvil fouling score and postoperative pain in mechanical group were significantly lower or milder than those in manual group(P<0.05).At 1 year of follow-up after treatment,the occlusal force and masticatory efficiency were significantly higher in mechanical group than those in manual group(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with manual nickel-titanium enlarged file,mechanical nickel-titanium instrument has a shorter root canal treatment time,and the latter one is more conducive to improving the root canal preparation effect and filling effect.Mechanical nickel-titanium instrument has high root canal cleanliness and can relieve the postoperative pain of affected teeth,with good long-term efficacy.

关 键 词：小儿乳牙牙髓病 根管治疗术 根管预备 咀嚼功能 

分 类 号：R788[医药卫生—口腔医学]