不同漱口液对白血病化疗所致口腔黏膜炎的预防效果比较  

Comparison of different prevention effect on leukemia chemotherapy induced oral mucositis

作　　者：彭玲燕 蒋群花 赵红[1] PENG Lingyan;Jiang Qunhua;ZHAO Hong(Shanghai Fengxian District Central Hospital(South Branch of the Sixth People′s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University),Shanghai,201400,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市奉贤区中心医院(上海交通大学附属第六人民医院南院),上海201400

出　　处：《检验医学与临床》2024年第S02期163-166,共4页Laboratory Medicine and Clinic

摘　　要：目的观察单一使用0.5%甲硝唑注射液或4%碳酸氢钠溶液与交替使用0.5%甲硝唑注射液和4%碳酸氢钠溶液作为漱口液对白血病化疗所导致口腔黏膜炎(OM)的预防效果。方法选择2020年6月至2021年11月在该院进行化疗的白血病患者120例作为研究对象,按照时间表抽样框法将患者分为0.5%甲硝唑注射液组(对照Ⅰ组)、4%碳酸氢钠溶液(对照Ⅱ组)、0.5%甲硝唑注射液和4%碳酸氢钠溶液交替使用组(试验组),各40例。从化疗前的第1天开始至化疗后第21天。观察三组患者口腔黏膜发生率和反应时间。结果试验组患者未发生口腔黏膜反应率为70.00%(28/40),明显高于对照Ⅰ组的43.00%(17/40)和对照Ⅱ组的48.00%(19/40),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组发生口腔黏膜反应的天数为(8.67±2.462)d,明显晚于对照Ⅰ组的(6.65±2.461)d和对照Ⅱ组的(6.52±2.316)d,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在白血病化疗所致OM的预防中,交替使用0.5%甲硝唑注射液和4%碳酸氢钠溶液作为漱口液联合使用具有较好的抗菌和调节口腔环境互补作用能力,对OM预防效果较好,且由于两种溶液均较易获取,具有良好的临床护理推广应用能力。Objective To observe the preventive effect of single use of 0.5%metronidazole injection or 4%sodium bicarbonate solution and alternating use of 0.5%metronidazole injection and 4%sodium bicarbonate solution as mouthwash on oral mucositis(OM)caused by leukemia chemotherapy.Methods A total of 120 leukemia patients who underwent chemotherapy at the unit from June 2020 to November 2021 were selected as the research subjects.According to the schedule sampling box method,the patients were divided into a 0.5%metronidazole injection group(control groupⅠ),a 4%sodium bicarbonate solution group(control groupⅡ),and an alternating use group of 0.5%metronidazole injection and 4%sodium bicarbonate solution(experimental group),with 40 patients in each group.From the first day before chemotherapy to the 21st day after chemotherapy.Observe the incidence and the reaction time of oral mucosal in three groups.Results The rate of no oral mucosal reaction in the experimental group was 70.00%(28/40),significantly higher than 43.00%(17/40)in the control groupⅠand 48.00%(19/40)in the control groupⅡ,with statistical significance(P<0.05).The days of oral mucosal reactions in the experimental group were(8.67±2.462)days,significantly later than(6.65±2.461)days in the control groupⅠand(6.52±2.316)days in the control groupⅡ,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion In the prevention of OM caused by leukemia chemotherapy,the combination of 0.5%metronidazole injection and 4%sodium bicarbonate solution as mouthwash has good complementary effects on antibacterial and oral environment regulation,and has a good preventive effect on OM.Since both solutions are easy to obtain,it has good clinical nursing promotion and application ability.

关 键 词：白血病 化疗 口腔黏膜炎 

分 类 号：R733.7[医药卫生—肿瘤]