河西走廊汉传佛教与藏传佛教发展的时空分布特点及其结构性特征  

Characteristics of Spacial and Temporal Distribution and Structure of the Development of Chinese Buddhism and Tibetan Buddhism in Hexi Corridor

作　　者：邵韦宁 Shao Weining(School of Philosophy and Social Development,Huaqiao University,Xiamen 361021)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学哲学与社会发展学院,厦门361021

出　　处：《西部学刊》2024年第24期24-27,共4页Journal of Western

摘　　要：河西走廊被视为佛教进入中国的门户。早在西汉末期,佛教就在敦煌地区出现,到了唐中叶之前,佛教通过河西走廊传播至中原地区,并在此期间实现了中国化。唐中叶以后,河西走廊被纳入吐蕃版图,佛教信仰逐渐转变为以藏传佛教为主导。元代,萨迦派和噶举派在河西走廊盛行,而明清时期,随着格鲁派的兴起和发展,河西走廊成为藏传佛教传播的重要区域。可见,河西走廊佛教信仰的变化与当地的人口结构和地理环境密切相关。汉族居民占多数时,汉传佛教得到较快发展;而在少数民族比例增加的情况下,藏传佛教则成为主要信仰。敦煌作为连接西域的枢纽,是佛教进入中国后的第一个重要站点,而武威和张掖则成为藏传佛教传播的重要区域。Hexi Corridor is regarded as the gateway for Buddhism to enter China.Buddhism first appeared in the Dunhuang region by the end of the Western Han Dynasty and,by the mid-Tang period,had spread to the Central Plains via the Hexi Corridor,undergoing a process of sinicization along the way.After that,the Hexi Corridor was annexed into the Tibetan Empire’s domain,and marked a gradual shift of Buddhism into a Tibetan one.Then in the Yuan Dynasty,the Sakya and Kagyu schools of Tibetan Buddhism flourished in the Hexi Corridor;in the Ming and Qing dynasties,the rise and further development of the Delug school made the Hexi Corridor an important region for the spread of Tibetan Buddhism.Therefore,it can be concluded that the evolution of the Buddhism is intertwined with the local population structure and geographical environment:When the Han Chinese population predominates,Chinese Buddhism experiences rapid growth;whereas in areas where ethnic minorities are more prevalent,Tibetan Buddhism becomes predominant.Dunhuang,a pivotal link to the Western Regions,serves as the first significant stop for Buddhism after entering China,while Wuwei and Zhangye emerge as important areas for the spread of Tibetan Buddhism.

关 键 词：汉传佛教 藏传佛教 河西走廊 莫高窟 

分 类 号：B94[哲学宗教—宗教学]