临床微生物检验与细菌耐药性检测分析  

Clinical Microbial Testing and Analysis of Resistance Testing of Various Bacteria to Different Drugs

作　　者：赖寒光 林先娘 吴海明[1] LAI Hanguang;LIN Xianniang;WU Haiming(Department of Laboratory,Sanming Second Hospital,Sanming Fujian 366000,China;Department of Blood Transfusion,Sanming Second Hospital,Sanming Fujian 366000,China)

机构地区：[1]三明市第二医院检验科,福建三明366000 [2]三明市第二医院输血科,福建三明366000

出　　处：《中国卫生标准管理》2024年第21期121-124,共4页China Health Standard Management

摘　　要：目的分析临床微生物检验与细菌的耐药性检测结果。方法选取2023年1月—2023年3月三明市第二医院普通细菌培养与真菌培养标本691份,剔除同一部位来源相同的菌株后,共获得221株病原菌。分析221株病原菌标本来源情况、分布情况,统计分析细菌的耐药性检测结果。结果221株病原菌标本主要来源为呼吸道,占30.78%;其次为分泌物,占21.72%。221株病原菌主要类型为肠杆菌科细菌,占39.37%;其次为非发酵菌,占23.08%。铜绿假单胞菌对替加环素、阿米卡星、头孢曲松、左氧氟沙星的耐药性较高;肺炎克雷伯菌对四环素的耐药性最高,为100%,对阿米卡星、头孢他啶、头孢吡肟、头孢曲松、美罗培南、庆大霉素、厄他培南的耐药性相对较高;大肠埃希菌对氨苄西林、头孢克洛、头孢呋辛的耐药性最高,为100%,对阿米卡星、头孢曲松、庆大霉素、亚胺培南、厄他培南的耐药性较高;流感嗜血杆菌对头孢曲松、左氧氟沙星、美罗培南、氨苄西林、头孢克洛、头孢呋辛的耐药性最高,均为100%;鲍曼不动杆菌对四环素的耐药性最高,为100%;金黄色葡萄球菌对阿米卡星、四环素、红霉素、青霉素的耐药性最高,均为100%。结论细菌的耐药性较高,加强临床微生物的检验工作和细菌耐药性监测,对于控制医院感染有重要作用。Objective To analyze the results of clinical microbial examination and bacterial drug resistance detection.Methods From January 2023 to March 2023,a total of 691 samples of common bacteria and fungi culture were selected from Sanming Second Hospital,and 221 strains of pathogens were obtained after the same source was excluded.The source and distribution of 221 strains of pathogenic bacteria were analyzed,and the drug resistance detection results were statistically analyzed.Results The main source of 221 isolates was respiratory tract(30.78%).Secretions followed,accounting for 21.72%.The main types of 221 isolates were enterobacteriaceae(39.37%).Next was non-fermentative bacteria,accounting for 23.08%.Pseudomonas aeruginosa has high resistance to tigecycline,amikacin,ceftriaxone,and levofloxacin.Klebsiella pneumoniae has the highest resistance to tetracycline,at 100%,and relatively high resistance to amikacin,ceftazidime,cefepime,ceftriaxone,meropenem,gentamicin,and ertapenem;Escherichia coli has the highest resistance to ampicillin,cefaclor,and cefuroxime,accounting for 100%,while it has higher resistance to amikacin,ceftriaxone,gentamicin,imipenem,and ertapenem;Haemophilus influenzae has the highest resistance to ceftriaxone,levofloxacin,meropenem,ampicillin,cefaclor,and cefuroxime,all at 100%;Acinetobacter baumannii has the highest resistance to tetracycline,at 100%;Staphylococcus aureus has the highest resistance to amikacin,tetracycline,erythromycin,and penicillin,all at 100%.Conclusion The drug resistance of bacteria is relatively high,so strengthening the inspection of clinical microorganisms and monitoring of bacterial drug resistance plays an important role in controlling nosocomial infection.

关 键 词：微生物检验 耐药性检测 细菌 不同药物 病原菌 真菌 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]