乌鲁木齐市326名心内科护士共情疲劳现状及对心理资本的影响  

Current status of empathy fatigue among 362 cardiology nurses in Urumqi and its impact on psychological capital

作　　者：魏红 刘婷[1] 赵娟[1] 刘志强[1] WEI Hong;LIU Ting;ZHAO Juan;LIU Zhiqiang(Department of Cardiology,The First Afiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830054,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学第一附属医院综合心脏内科,新疆乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《职业与健康》2024年第20期2805-2809,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2022D01E23)。

摘　　要：目的 调查乌鲁木齐市三级甲等医院心内科护士的共情疲劳与心理资本现状,分析二者之间的作用关系。方法 2022年12月—2023年6月,选择乌鲁木齐市5所三级甲等医院的326名心内科护士为调查对象,采用一般资料问卷、共情疲劳测评量表和心理资本评定量表进行测评,并对数据进行分析。结果 乌鲁木齐市326名心内科护士共情疲劳总分为(88.60±9.49)分,其中无共情疲劳者44人,占13.50%;轻度共情疲劳者83人,占25.46%;中度共情疲劳者121人,占37.12%;重度共情疲劳者78人,占23.92%。心理资本总分为(104.66±17.35)分,不同性别、护龄、是否接受过心理培训、每月夜班次数的心内科护士心理资本得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。心内科护士共情疲劳总分与心理资本总分和各维度间均呈显著负相关(均P<0.05),共情满意与心理资本各维度间均呈显著正相关(均P<0.05),共情倦怠和二次创伤心理资本各维度间均呈显著负相关(均P<0.05)。多元逐步回归结果显示,乌鲁木齐市326名心内科护士共情疲劳得分能够引起心理资本得分29.7%的变化(P<0.05)。结论 乌鲁木齐市三级甲等医院心内科护士的共情疲劳水平对心理资本影响显著,通过提升护士心理资本能够缓解共情疲劳程度。建议医院管理者能够重视共情疲劳和心理资本两者对心内科护士职业健康的影响程度,并根据心内科护士的不同特征建构健康工作环境,从多维度促进心内科护士正性心理资源的获取和职业发展信心。Objective To investigate the status quo of empathic fatigue and psychological capital among nurses in the cardiology department of grade-A tertiary hospitals in Urumqi,and analyze the relationship between them.Methods From December 2022 to June 2023,362 cardiology nurses from 5 grade-A tertiary hospitals in Urumqi were selected for evaluation using general information questionnaire,empathy fatigue scale and psychological capital scale,and the data were analyzed.Results The total score of empathy fatigue among 362 nurses in the department of cardiology in Urumqi was(88.60±9.49)points,of which 44(1350%)had no empathy fatigue.There were 83 cases of mild empathy fatigue,accounting for 25.46%.There were 121 cases with moderate empathy fatigue,accounting for 37.12%.There were 78 patients with moderate empathy fatigue,accounting for 23.92%.The total psychological capital score was(104.66±17.35)points.There were statistically significant differences in psychological capital scores among cardiology nurses of different gender,nursing experience,receiving psychological training or not,monthly night shift frequency(all P<0.05).There was a significant negative correlation between the total score of empathy fatigue and the total score of psychological capital and all dimensions of cardiology nurses in Urumqi(all P<0.05),there was a significant positive correlation between empathy satisfaction and all dimensions of psychological capital(all P<0.05),there was a significant negative correlation between empathy burnout and all dimensions of secondary trauma psychological capital(all P<0.05).The results of multiple stepwise regression showed that the empathic fatigue score of 362 cardiology nurses in Urumqi could cause 29.7%change in psychological capital score(P<0.05).Conclusion The level of empathy fatigue of nurses in the cardiology department of grade-A tertiary hospitals in Urumqi has a significant impact on their psychological capital,which indicates and validates the feasibility of alleviating the degree of empathy fatigue

关 键 词：心内科 护士 共情疲劳 心理资本 

分 类 号：R192.6[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]