情状体歧义与非完成体悖论的消解  

Aspectual Ambiguity and the Dissolving of the Imperfective Paradox

作　　者：白蓝[1] 杨稼辉 BAI Lan;YANG Jiahui(School of Literature and Communication,Hunan Women's College,Changsha 410004,China;School of Foreign Language and Literature,Hunan Institute of Science and Technology,Yueyang 414000,Hunan China)

机构地区：[1]湖南女子学院文学与传播学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]湖南理工学院外国语言文学学院,湖南岳阳414000

出　　处：《吉首大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第6期135-142,共8页Journal of Jishou University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家一流课程项目(教高函[2023-7-1469]);教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(23YJAZH076);湖南省社会科学基金项目(23YBA182)。

摘　　要：非完成体悖论是指完成动词短语与进行体共现时导致的逻辑悖论。从完成动词短语的情状体语义出发重新审视英语完成动词短语与进行体共现的表现,发现完成动词短语内部存在差异:一类可以和进行体共现,一类则不可以。研究进一步证明,前者只表达完成情状,后者则既可以表达完成情状,也可以表达活动情状;能够与进行体共现的完成动词短语具有情状体歧义,在与进行体共现时,它表达活动情状。因此,真正的完成动词短语并不会与进行体共现,非完成体悖论其实是不存在的。汉语表达完成情状的动词短语也不可以和进行体共现,这为非完成体悖论的不成立提供了跨语言证据。Imperfective paradox refers to the logical paradox resulted from the co-occurrence of accomplishment phrases and the progressive.From the perspective of accomplishment phrases'aspectual semantics,this study reviews the co-occurrence of accomplishment phrases and the progressive and finds that some accomplishment phrases can co-occur with the progressive while some others cannot.We prove that the type of accomplishment phrases which can co-occur with the progressive can actually denote accomplishment situations as well as activity situations.Based on this finding,we propose that this type of accomplishment phrases denote activity situations when co-occurring with the progressive aspect.Therefore,phrases denoting accomplishment situations do not co-occur with the progressive and the imperfective aspect doesn't really exist.Accomplishment-denoting phrases in Chinese are also found not to be able to co-occur with the progressive aspect,which provides cross-linguistic support for the above proposal.

关 键 词：非完成体悖论 完成动词短语 情状体 歧义 

分 类 号：H314[语言文字—英语]