从“器官对话”的现代生物学研究探讨中医脏腑理论的科学内涵  

Scientific connotation of Zangfu theory in traditional Chinese medicine from modern biological research on"organ crosstalk"

作　　者：王文雅 廖星[1] WANG Wen-ya;LIAO Xing(Center for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine,Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院中医临床基础医学研究所循证医学基础研究室,北京100700

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2024年第22期5965-5976,共12页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(CI2021A05503,CI2021A00701-3);中国中医药循证医学中心“业务研究室主任专项”(2020YJSZX-2)。

摘　　要：生命是一个动态变化的系统性整体,器官之间相互影响。中医以脏腑论述人体组织器官间的互动,现代生物医学通过“器官对话”(organ crosstalk)阐明其在生理病理上的关联。该文从“器官对话”论述肺与大肠、心与小肠、脾与胃、肝与胆、肾与膀胱5种中医经典的脏腑关系及其延伸,简要概述“器官对话”视角下脏腑与体窍器官的联系、脏腑别通论以及脏间、腑间关系。系统检索当前中医药研究领域相关的脏腑器官轴/对话,以及与之相关的治疗药物。分析比较中医脏腑关系与现代生物医学“器官对话”的特点,中医论述脏腑关系主要通过经络循行传导,以及气、血、精、津液运行关联,现代生物医学“器官对话”机制主要为神经传导、免疫反应、分泌因子和微生物及其代谢产物等参与调控,二者均利用中介渠道与中间媒介物质协助脏腑器官相互沟通。借助“器官对话”可使脏腑关系机制更加明晰,脏腑关系则可为“器官对话”提供潜在联系以完善其系统性,并促进理论实施应用。Life is a dynamic and systematic whole,with organs interacting with each other.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)discusses the interaction between human tissue and organs through the Zangfu relations,while modern biological medicine clarifies physiological and pathological relationships through"organ crosstalk".From the perspective of"organ crosstalk",this article discussed the five classical Zangfu relations(lungs and large intestine,heart and small intestine,spleen and stomach,liver and gallbladder,and kidney and bladder)in TCM and their extension.It briefly summarized the relationship between Zangfu and pentasomy/orifices organs,extraordinary connection of Zangfu,and other relationships within Zangfu based on"organ crosstalk".The relevant Zangfu organ axis/crosstalk in the current research field of TCM was systematically retrieved,as well as related pharmacotherapy.This paper compared the characteristics of the Zangfu relations in TCM and the"organ crosstalk"in modern biological medicine.Zangfu relations in TCM are mainly related to the conduction of meridians and collaterals and the operation of Qi,blood,essence,and body fluid.The mechanism of"organ crosstalk"in modern biological medicine is mainly regulated by nerve conduction,immune response,secretory factors,microorganisms,and their metabolites.Both of them use intermediary channels and intermediate substances to assist Zangfu organs in communicating with each other.With the help of"organ crosstalk",the mechanism of Zangfu relations can be clarified more clearly and specifically,and the Zangfu relations can provide potential links for"organ crosstalk"to improve its systematicness and promote the application of theory.

关 键 词：“器官对话” 脏腑关系 器官轴 间接调控 中间媒介物质 

分 类 号：R223.1[医药卫生—中医基础理论]