从“脾为之卫”探讨过敏性疾病的季节性发作  

Exploring the seasonal onset of allergic diseases from the perspective of the"the spleen serves as the guard"theory

作　　者：生玉涵 李宇航 刘雨清 汤阳 王佳柔 郑丰杰 SHENG Yuhan;LI Yuhang;LIU Yuqing;TANG Yang;WANG Jiarou;ZHENG Fengjie(School of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China;The Second Clinical Medical College,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100078,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学中医学院,北京100029 [2]北京中医药大学第二临床医学院

出　　处：《北京中医药大学学报》2024年第11期1585-1590,共6页Journal of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.82374321);北京中医药大学“揭榜挂帅”项目(No.2023-JYB-JBZD-035)。

摘　　要：人禀天地之气生,人体生理病理功能受四时寒暑更替的影响。流行病学显示过敏性疾病常于季节交替时发作或加重,这与中医学“脾主四时之末”理论对应。脾功能失调导致季节交替时机体的时间自稳系统被破坏而无法适应外界气候变化,是引发或加重某些过敏性症状的内在原因。“脾为之卫”理论起源于《黄帝内经》,是对脾防御外邪、护卫机体功能的高度概括,强调脾在内运化水谷以补足正气、在外调控卫气以护卫周身,与人体免疫功能的季节性变化有密切联系,从而影响过敏性疾病的季节性发作。本文从“脾为之卫”探讨脾在过敏性疾病季节性发作中发挥的时间自稳和免疫防御功能,提出“脾为之卫”功能失调引发营卫失调、痰湿内生、五脏六腑失养等是过敏性疾病在季节交替时反复发作、迁延难愈的重要原因,为探索过敏性疾病季节性发作的机制与防治提供思路与启发。Humans are born under the nourishment of heaven and earth qi.The physiological and pathological functions of the human body are influenced by the alternation of cold and heat in the four seasons.Allergic diseases often occur or worsen during seasonal transitions,corresponding to the theory of the spleen dominating the end of the four seasons in traditional Chinese medicine.Splenic dysfunction disrupts the body′s internal clock during seasonal transitions,making it unable to adapt to external climate changes,causing the onset or exacerbation of specific allergic symptoms.The theory of"the spleen serves as the guard"originated from Huangdi Neijing,which is a succinct summary of the role of the spleen in defending the body against external pathogens.The theory emphasizes that the spleen transports drinks and foods internally to supplement healthy qi,and regulates defensive qi externally to protect the whole body.This theory is closely linked to the seasonal changes in immune function,thereby influencing the seasonal onset of allergic diseases.This paper explores the roles of the spleen in timebased self-regulation and immune defense against seasonal allergic diseases according to the theory of"spleen serves as the grard."The dysfunction of this protective mechanism,which leads to disharmony in nutritive qi and defensive qi,internal production of phlegm-dampness,and zang-fu organs malnutrition,are the key factors causing recurrent and persistent allergic diseases during seasonal transitions.This study provides insights for elucidating the mechanisms behind seasonal allergic disease outbreaks and their prevention.

关 键 词：脾为之卫 过敏性疾病 季节交替 天人相应 

分 类 号：R229[医药卫生—中医基础理论]